Modularized LC resonant switched capacitor cell voltage equalizer

Ohno, Takanobu; Suzuki, Takahumi; Koizumi, Hiroyuki

doi:10.1109/iecon.2014.7048961

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…To demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed control strategy using the two-stage bidirectional dc-dc converter and understand its features and limitations, this section presents a comparison of the proposed strategy to several studies dealing with cell, pack, and string equalization, [56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66] attending to several parameters of interest, such as the number of components, structures and topologies, various control strategies, equalization speed, size, cost, losses, voltage, and current stresses. Each study has various attractive features and some limitations, as discussed in Table 1.…”

Section: Main Features and Limitations Of The Different Battery Energ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Battery energy management proposition for energy storage using active dc–dc converter

Maia

Kattel

Corrêa

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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Battery energy storage systems (BESS) are storage facilities used for ancillary services, mainly to support renewable sources operation that can reach megawatts of power. As a consequence, battery packs must be associated, and power electronics are necessary to control power flow. As a consequence, battery packs must be associated, and power electronics are necessary to control power flow, among the different design alternatives for building a BESS. This paper offers an alternative for a BESS based on a new control strategy applied to a two-stage bidirectional dc-dc converter. The proposed strategy is capable of setting the power flow through voltage/current control during operation based on real-time battery conditions, extending system life (using optimum dispatchable energy) and increasing reliability and profitability. In addition, State-of-Charge and State-of-Health are monitored, in order to keep track of aging effects. Moreover, the strategy enables mixing different battery technologies with a wide range of degradation, which can be used to retrofit operational plants or even build new systems focused on second life batteries.Simulation studies are performed using Typhoon HIL604, and a prototype is presented to validate the effectiveness of the methodology of the proposed control strategy.

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Section: Main Features and Limitations Of The Different Battery Energ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Modularized resonant 65 Equalization architecture: String to Cell Bidirectional power flow topology and the equalization process only during charge.…”

Section: Used Topology Main Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battery energy management proposition for energy storage using active dc–dc converter

Maia

Kattel

Corrêa

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

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“…Yuanmao et al [32] apply the ReSC converter into the battery equaliser firstly. After that, the resonant version of the chain-structure and modularised design of resonant cell balancing systems are introduced in [33,34], respectively. Unfortunately, the balance speed is still influenced by the number of battery cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of series resonant switched‐capacitor equaliser for series‐connected battery strings

Liu

Xiong

et al. 2020

IET Renewable Power Generation

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The traditional pure switched-capacitor equaliser brings the large inrush current and low energy density. This study proposes a series of resonant switched-capacitor (ReSC) voltage equaliser, which realises energy transferred directly from source cells to target cells by the series ReSC converter. The ReSC converter eliminates the inrush current and improves the capacitors' energy density to increase the balancing speed. Meanwhile, all the switches are controlled by a pair of complementary PWM signals at a fixed operational frequency without voltage monitors. Both simulation and experiment are used to verify the system feasibility and theoretical analysis of the proposed circuit. In the same experimental condition, the proposed series resonant circuit reduces the inrush current. It improves the energy density of capacitors three times compared with the pure series switched-capacitor equaliser.

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“…In this paper, a novel balancing circuit is proposed to realize zero-current switching (ZCS) similar to quasi-resonant [24,25] during the switched-capacitor mode and has been proven to further reduce energy loss [24][25][26][27][28][29].Different states of EVs, such as the drive state, brake state, and park state, may have different requirements on the output power, balancing speed, and balancing loss. Many existing papers [22,23] do not take the real driving state into account and make a fixed cell balancing strategy, which decreases the overall balancing efficiency [30][31][32][33]. They are based on switched-capacitor techniques [34,35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different states of EVs, such as the drive state, brake state, and park state, may have different requirements on the output power, balancing speed, and balancing loss. Many existing papers [22,23] do not take the real driving state into account and make a fixed cell balancing strategy, which decreases the overall balancing efficiency [30][31][32][33]. They are based on switched-capacitor techniques [34,35].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Zero Current Switching Switched-Capacitors Balancing Circuit for Energy Storage Cell Equalization and Its Associated Hybrid Circuit with Classical Buck-Boost

2019

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To overcome the problem of switching loss during the balancing process, a novel cell balancing circuit is proposed with the integration of a zero current switching technique. Moreover, the balancing circuit proposed can change between a classical buck-boost pattern and a resonant switched-capacitor pattern with flexible control to cater to the balancing requirements under different driving scenarios. The results of the simulation of field experiments demonstrate successful balancing, various balancing speed, and low energy loss. The proposed balancing circuit proves to be effective for a wide range of application and is the first attempt to integrate a dual balancing function in a single balancing circuit for cells.Energies 2019, 12, 2726 2 of 15 However, those methods are not flexible enough for changing scenarios. Furthermore, as a hard switching operation is adopted in a large number of cell balancing circuits [21][22][23], electromagnetic interference (EMI) and high switching energy loss will appear. On the other hand, the service life of energy sources will also be affected by a current spike in hard switching circuits. In this paper, a novel balancing circuit is proposed to realize zero-current switching (ZCS) similar to quasi-resonant [24,25] during the switched-capacitor mode and has been proven to further reduce energy loss [24][25][26][27][28][29].Different states of EVs, such as the drive state, brake state, and park state, may have different requirements on the output power, balancing speed, and balancing loss. Many existing papers [22,23] do not take the real driving state into account and make a fixed cell balancing strategy, which decreases the overall balancing efficiency [30][31][32][33]. They are based on switched-capacitor techniques [34,35]. Some papers have realized the difference in energy management at different driving states and proposed specific energy controllers respectively. The energy saving controller for electric mining trucks is introduced in Reference [36], as it runs in high-frequency start-up processes. A predictive energy controller based on preceding vehicle movement management is designed in Reference [37] for lined up EVs on the road. A real-time energy controller for EVs in a charge-depletion mode is discussed in References [38][39][40] for adaptive energy consumption minimization.In this paper, a novel and multi-functional balancing circuit is proposed with a ZCS technique to improve energy saving during the balancing process. The multi-functional circuit can easily change between a buck-boost pattern and switched-capacitor pattern with flexible switching frequency and duty ratios, i.e., the circuit can adapt to changing driving states. Figure 1 demonstrates six different operating modes with different cell balancing requirements for the corresponding driving states. Moreover, voltage sensors can be installed at each cell in order to collect the voltage signals for an intelligent control box. In the real-time feedback control, switching frequency and duty ratios are adjus...

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Modularized LC resonant switched capacitor cell voltage equalizer

Cited by 5 publications

References 10 publications

Battery energy management proposition for energy storage using active dc–dc converter

Battery energy management proposition for energy storage using active dc–dc converter

Design of series resonant switched‐capacitor equaliser for series‐connected battery strings

Zero Current Switching Switched-Capacitors Balancing Circuit for Energy Storage Cell Equalization and Its Associated Hybrid Circuit with Classical Buck-Boost

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