“…25 However, like most other semiconducting materials, the vertical transportation of hot carriers results in fast recombination in perfect ZnIn 2 S 4 . 28–32 Meanwhile many methods such as the construction of heterojunctions, crystal surface engineering, compositional regulations, and defect engineering have lately shown great promise in overcoming these intrinsic barriers in photocatalysis. In the case of ZnIn 2 S 4 -based photocatalysts, the creation of Zn 33 and S 34,35 vacancies has been achieved via defect engineering for regulated band structures and hot carrier dynamics.…”