Modulating Human Memory via Entrainment of Brain Oscillations

Hanslmayr, Simon; Axmacher, Nikolai; Inman, Cory S.

doi:10.1016/j.tins.2019.04.004

Cited by 196 publications

(158 citation statements)

References 101 publications

(142 reference statements)

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“…It has recently been shown that memory formation is accompanied by an increase in slow cortical oscillations 20–23 . We therefore also analyzed the local field potential (LFP) signals, taken from the same recordings in S1 and perirhinal cortex to assess cortical oscillations during learning.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perirhinal input to neocortical layer 1 controls learning

Doron

Shin

Bocklisch

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Signals sent back to the neocortex from the hippocampus control the long-term storage of memories in the neocortex1,2, but the cellular mechanisms underlying this process remain elusive. Here, we show that learning is controlled by specific medial-temporal input to neocortical layer 1. To show this we used direct cortical microstimulation detection task that allowed the precise region of learning to be examined and manipulated. Chemogenetically suppressing the last stage of the medial temporal loop, i.e. perirhinal cortex input to neocortical layer 1, profoundly disrupted early memory formation but had no effect on behavior in trained animals. The learning involved the emergence of a small population of layer 5 pyramidal neurons (~10%) with significantly increased firing involving high-frequency bursts of action potentials that were also blocked by suppression of perirhinal input. Moreover, we found that dendritic excitability was correspondingly enhanced in a similarly-sized population of pyramidal neurons and suppression of dendritic activity via optogenetic activation of dendrite-targeting inhibitory neurons also suppressed learning. Finally, single-cell stimulation of cortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons showed that burst but not regular firing retrieved previously learned behavior. We conclude that the medial temporal input to the neocortex controls learning through a process in L1 that elevates dendritic calcium and promotes burst firing.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perirhinal input to neocortical layer 1 controls learning

Doron

Shin

Bocklisch

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…A critical property of oscillatory phenomena is underdamping (damping ratio < 1), i.e. the ability to maintain a long-lasting oscillation, echo or reverberation, whose amplitude exponentially decreases toward baseline after the stimulation end [44][45][46] . This underdamping can arise from energy dissipation and/or phase dispersion of self-sustained oscillators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This underdamping can arise from energy dissipation and/or phase dispersion of self-sustained oscillators. Despite being critical for multiple cognitive theories (dynamic attending theory 30 , working memory 46 , multisensory integration 47,48 , timing 12 , interpersonal interaction 49 ), this property has never been systematically scrutinized. In the auditory domain, especially, where the temporal structure of sound streams is highly informational, either for speech comprehension 10,50,51 or musical-beat perception 30,31,36,41 , understanding the nature of neural activity underpinning the processing of rhythmic streams is decisive to uncover a mechanistic explanation of speech and music perception.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency selectivity of persistent cortical oscillatory responses to auditory rhythmic stimulation

Lerousseau

Trébuchon

Morillon

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Rhythmic stimulation, either sensory or electrical, aiming at entraining oscillatory activity to reveal or optimize brain functions, relies on a critically untested hypothesis: it should produce a persistent effect, outlasting the stimulus duration. We tested this assumption by studying cortical neural oscillations during and after presentation of rhythmic auditory stimuli. Using intracranial and surface recordings in humans, we reveal consistent neural response properties throughout the cortex, with persistent entrainment being selective to high-gamma oscillations. Critically, during passive perception, neural oscillations do not outlast low-frequency acoustic dynamics. We further show that our data are well-captured by a model of damped harmonic oscillator and can be classified into three classes of neural dynamics, with distinct damping properties and eigenfrequencies. This model thus provides a mechanistic and quantitative explanation of the frequency selectivity of persistent neural entrainment in the human cortex.

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“…This is probably because, after being primed on the contents of the poem stimuli in the first presentation, the participants registered the words of the first presentation in the working memory and employed the memorized words as temporal landmarks to predict the boundaries of lines in the second presentation, as suggested by the source localization results showing an increase of amplitude in left frontal area for the second presentation ( Figure S3). However, the phase precession observed here is unlikely to be accounted by mechanisms solely related to memory, which is often shown within a higher frequency band (i.e., the theta band, 4-8 Hz) [24][25][26][27]. The fact that the phase precession only happened in the left hemisphere and at the frequency corresponding to the line rate echoes the finding in Figure 2E and demonstrates that the phase precession is primarily involved in the process of segmenting line structures of Jueju.…”

Section: Neural Phase Precession Induced By the Repetition Of Poem Stmentioning

confidence: 65%