Modulating the Activity of vmPFC Regulates Informational Social Conformity: A tDCS Study

Li, Yuzhen; Wang, Jinjin; Ye, Hang; Luo, Jun

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.566977

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Activity of the VMPFC in this study was coupled with both ACC and PCC activation, depending on the specific offer with more PCC activation during unpleasant offers. Social variables that include evaluation, interaction, theory of mind, and empathy are also considered hot EFs and NIBS studies have shown that activation of the VMPFC modulates such social variables (Adenzato et al, 2017;Chib et al, 2013;Li et al, 2020;Salehinejad et al, 2020a). A recent tDCS study specifically investigated the interaction of the DLPFC and OFC in hot versus cold EFs by applying excitability-enhancing anodal and excitability-reducing cathodal stimulation (Nejati et al, 2018a).…”

Section: Nibs Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot and cold executive functions in the brain: A prefrontal-cingular network

Salehinejad

Ghanavati

Rashid

et al. 2021

Brain and Neuroscience Advances

177

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Executive functions, or cognitive control, are higher-order cognitive functions needed for adaptive goal-directed behaviours and are significantly impaired in majority of neuropsychiatric disorders. Different models and approaches are proposed for describing how executive functions are functionally organised in the brain. One popular and recently proposed organising principle of executive functions is the distinction between hot (i.e. reward or affective-related) versus cold (i.e. purely cognitive) domains of executive functions. The prefrontal cortex is traditionally linked to executive functions, but on the other hand, anterior and posterior cingulate cortices are hugely involved in executive functions as well. In this review, we first define executive functions, their domains, and the appropriate methods for studying them. Second, we discuss how hot and cold executive functions are linked to different areas of the prefrontal cortex. Next, we discuss the association of hot versus cold executive functions with the cingulate cortex, focusing on the anterior and posterior compartments. Finally, we propose a functional model for hot and cold executive function organisation in the brain with a specific focus on the fronto-cingular network. We also discuss clinical implications of hot versus cold cognition in major neuropsychiatric disorders (depression, schizophrenia, anxiety disorders, substance use disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, and autism) and attempt to characterise their profile according to the functional dominance or manifest of hot–cold cognition. Our model proposes that the lateral prefrontal cortex along with the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex are more relevant for cold executive functions, while the medial–orbital prefrontal cortex along with the ventral anterior cingulate cortex, and the posterior cingulate cortex are more closely involved in hot executive functions. This functional distinction, however, is not absolute and depends on several factors including task features, context, and the extent to which the measured function relies on cognition and emotion or both.

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Section: Nibs Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot and cold executive functions in the brain: A prefrontal-cingular network

Salehinejad

Ghanavati

Rashid

et al. 2021

Brain and Neuroscience Advances

177

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…However, fNIRS uses relatively low spatial and temporal resolution. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to study affective states in the decision-making process (Li et al, 2020;Pei and Li, 2021). Due to the high temporal resolution of EEG, this neuroimaging tool has been widely employed to identify emotions, as an alternative to fNIRS or fMRI (Palmiero and Piccardi, 2017).…”

Section: Emotional Contagion In Neurological Reactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emotional Contagion: A Brief Overview and Future Directions

2021

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Social interactions can trigger emotional contagion between individuals resulting in behavioral synchrony. Emotional contagion can be a very effective and attractive strategy in communication and advertising, and understanding the mechanisms underlying emotional contagion can help marketers to improve their commercial approaches or develop better ones. The purpose of this study is to review and classify the various methodologies and theoretical approaches on emotional contagion, identify the best practices in this domain, and identify ways of gaging and measuring emotional contagion. The study is based on a mini literature review. We identify different mechanisms and approaches to emotional contagion described in the literature. Emotional contagion can be triggered by facial expressions, indirect human interactions, and/or by observing other people's behavior in direct and indirect interactions. Furthermore, emotional contagion can be triggered physiologically or neurologically by synchronizing with the emotional state of others during human interactions. Regarding the assessment and measurement of emotional contagion, we argue that methods based on neuroscience tools are much more accurate and effective than methods based on traditional research approaches. The study identifies guidelines for research on commercial communication through emotional contagion that can be especially interesting for academia and marketing practitioners. The findings are important for field marketers interested in developing new individualized approaches in their commercial strategies and marketing in general. In addition, the study can become the basis of research that further refines and compares the efficacy of the various techniques and tools involved.

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“…Furthermore, people who have a stronger conformity tendency show higher activation in the posterior medial frontal cortex and insula (Berns et al, 2010). During violations of expectations, increased activity in the anterior insula was found in both, social and non‐social contexts (Chang & Sanfey, 2013; Li et al, 2020)…”

Section: Neuronal Network Involved In Social Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%