Modulating the electrical conductivity of metal–organic framework films with intercalated guest π-systems

Guo, Zhiyong; Panda, Dillip K.; Maity, Krishnendu; Lindsey, David E.; Parker, T. Gannon; Albrecht‐Schmitt, Thomas E.; Barreda-Esparza, Jorge L.; Xiong, Peng; Zhou, Wei; Saha, Sourav

doi:10.1039/c5tc02232k

Cited by 86 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…An alternative approach is to incorporate MOFs as the LED electroactive layer. To this end, conductive MOFs are essential and to reach this aim, two different ways have been explored where it is paramount: (1) the proper selection of metal‐clusters and organic linkers, and (2) the encapsulation of redox active molecules into their porous structure . For example, it has been reported that Mn 2 (DSBDC), Ni 3 (HITP) 2 , and Cu[Ni(pdt) 2 ] MOFs exhibit electrical conductivity .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New OLEDs Based on Zirconium Metal‐Organic Framework

Gutiérrez

Martín

Kennes

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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The search for new smart‐materials in solid‐state light‐emitting applications, like hybrid organic–inorganic light‐emitting devices (OLEDs), has seen an intense growth in the recent years. Among all the possibilities, metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as promising smart materials due to their chemical and structural properties. Herein, for the first time, the use of a Zr‐based MOF (Zr‐NDC, NDC = dimethyl 2,6‐naphthalenedicarboxylate) as electroluminescent active material in OLED devices is reported. The results indicate that, independently of the properties of the polymer used to form the emissive layer, the OLED emission is due to radiative electron and hole recombination in the MOF. A tuning of the optoelectronic properties of the device by incorporating Coumarin 153, (C153) and 4‐(Dicyanomethylene)‐2‐methyl‐6‐(4‐dimethylaminostyryl)‐4H‐pyran, into the MOF pores is demonstrated. Using different MOFLED architectures, and MOF composition, it is possible to elucidate the photoluminescence and electroluminescence mechanisms, providing the clues for further improvements. It is observed that the current density as well as the electroluminescent behavior depends on the dopant fluorophores. It is also shown that defects within the Zr‐MOF play a role in the OLED optoelectronic properties. The results clearly demonstrate the potential of MOFs as new tunable electroluminescent materials for OLED applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New OLEDs Based on Zirconium Metal‐Organic Framework

Gutiérrez

Martín

Kennes

et al. 2018

Advanced Optical Materials

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“…To achieve the required D–A spectral overlap and study ET processes, we utilized the advantages offered by well‐defined hybrids including modularity and tunability . Based on time‐resolved PL data and theoretical studies of D–A exciton coupling, the ET efficiency and rate, key factors for application development in the field of optoelectronics, were estimated. Thus, the presented studies provide an opportunity to shed light on ET processes in corannulene‐based material for the first time.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical Corannulene‐Based Materials: Energy Transfer and Solid‐State Photophysics

et al. 2017

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Abstract:We report the first example of ad onor-acceptor corannulene-containing hybrid material with rapid ligand-toligand energy transfer (ET). Additionally,weprovide the first time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) data for any corannulene-based compounds in the solid state.C omprehensive analysis of PL data in combination with theoretical calculations of donor-acceptor exciton coupling was employed to estimate ET rate and efficiency in the prepared material. The ligand-to-ligand ET rate calculated using two models is comparable with that observed in fullerene-containing materials,w hich are generally considered for molecular electronics development. Thus,the presented studies not only demonstrate the possibility of merging the intrinsic properties of p-bowls, specifically corannulene derivatives,w ith the versatility of crystalline hybrid scaffolds,b ut could also foreshadowt he engineering of anovel class of hierarchicalcorannulene-based hybrid materials for optoelectronic devices.While the compromise between strain and aromaticity is ap ersistent synthetic challenge, [1][2][3] the bowl shape and electronic properties of corannulene derivatives (buckybowls, Scheme 1) imply an unrevealed potential for molecular electronics development similar to their close famous analogues,fullerenes.The main success of the latter in the field of optoelectronics is associated with very fast energy/electron transfer, which has been demonstrated in numerous photophysical studies. [4][5][6] In contrast, development of buckybowlcontaining materials with desirable properties is still in its infancy. Fori nstance,d uring the 50 years since the discovery of the first solution route for corannulene preparation (1966), [1] only around 20 papers [2, include any photophysical studies,d espite nearly 1000 publications focused on corannulene.T othe best of our knowledge,there are only two reports [8,10] in the area of corannulene solid-state photophysics.F urthermore,n os olid-state time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) data or energy transfer (ET) studies have been reported for any corannulene-containing compounds despite the fact that ET rate and efficiency are crucial fundamental parameters for applications ranging from organic photovoltaics to photocatalysis. [33,34] This gap in material development was the major driving force to initiate the presented study,especially taking into account the recent progress in corannulene chemistry. [35] Our shift from more traditional flat aromatic hydrocarbons [36] towards p-bowls (for example,c orannulene) was also driven by 1) their significant dipole moment, 2) the possibility to extend the dimensionality of 3D hybrid frameworks through the p-bowl curvature,3 )potential for charge stabilization on the surface owing to doubly degenerate lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs), 4) anticipated effective intermolecular charge transport, and 5) presence of theoretically predicted super atomic molecular orbitals,w hich are key factors for intermolecular charge/ energy transport distinct from the c...

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“…The obtained MOF‐nanosheet‐modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrodes have been fabricated into liquid junction solar cells . Upon the visible light illumination, the layer number of MOF nanosheets and inclusion of C 60 guest are demonstrated responsible for the photoelectrical conversion by enhancing absorption and charge transfer, respectively (Scheme ) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%