Modulating the local electronic structure via Al substitution to enhance the electrochemical performance of Li-rich Mn-based cathode materials

Modification Strategies and Challenges of High‐Performance Lithium‐Rich Manganese‐Based Cathode Materials

“…This is due to the low conductivity of Li 2 MnO 3 itself and the slower reaction kinetics of Mn compared to Ni and Co, which also limits its overall performance. [19][20][21][22] Research has shown that it is more difficult to release Li þ from Li 2 MnO 3 in larger particle sizes compared to smaller ones. This is because more Li 2 MnO 3 components are activated during the cycling process.…”

“…Elemental doping can be categorized into three types based on their charge properties: cationic doping (Mg 2þ , Al 3þ , Na þ , Nb 5þ , Fe 3þ , etc. ), [22,23,25,43,44] anionic doping (F À , S 2À , etc. ), [45,46] and multi-ion co-doping.…”

“…Li 1.2 Ni 0.2 Mn 0.6− x Al x O 2 ( x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) cathode material, which effectively improved the voltage decay. [ 22 ] The introduction of Al can adjust the local electronic structure, elevate the REDOX potential, and enhance the formation energy of oxygen vacancies, effectively improving the reversibility of oxygen REDOX. Second, Al doping enhances the binding energy of TM─O, enhances the stability of lattice oxygen, suppresses the transformation from layered phase to spinel phase during the cycling process, and improves the stability of layered structure.…”

Minimizing ion/electron pathways through ultrathin conformal holey graphene encapsulation in Li- and Mn-rich layered oxide cathodes for high-performance lithium-ion batteries

“…The peak at 650 cm −1 can be attributed to the formation of a spinel structure by transformation from a layered structure. 43,60 A comparison of the peaks at 650 cm −1 indicates that the BLMR electrode displays a more prominent spinel structure than the GLMR and HGLMR electrodes. Conversely, the HGLMR electrode exhibits signicantly smaller peaks corresponding to the spinel structure.…”