Modulating Visuomotor Sequence Learning by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: What Do We Know So Far?

Szücs-Bencze, Laura; Vékony, Teodóra; Pesthy, Orsolya; Szabó, Nikoletta; Kincses, Tamás Zsigmond; Turi, Zsolt; Nemeth, Dezso

doi:10.3390/jintelligence11100201

Cited by 4 publications

References 146 publications

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Interbrain neural correlates of self and other integration in joint statistical learning

Zheng,

Wang

2024

npj Sci. Learn.

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While statistical learning is often studied individually, its collective representation through self-other integration remains unclear. This study examines dynamic self-other integration and its multi-brain mechanism using simultaneous recordings from dyads. Participants (N = 112) each repeatedly responded to half of a fixed stimulus sequence with either an active partner (joint context) or a passive observer (baseline context). Significant individual statistical learning was evident in the joint context, characterized by decreased reaction time (RT) and intra-brain neural responses, followed by a quadratic trend (i.e., first increasing and then decreasing) upon insertion of an interference sequence. More importantly, Brain-to-Brain Coupling (BtBC) in the theta band also showed learning and modulation-related trends, with its slope negatively and positively correlating with the slopes of RT and intra-brain functional connectivity, respectively. These results highlight the dynamic nature of self-other integration in joint statistical learning, with statistical regularities implicitly and spontaneously modulating this process. Notably, the BtBC serves as a key neural correlate underlying the dynamics of self-other integration.

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Interbrain neural correlates of self and other integration in joint statistical learning

Zheng,

Wang

2024

npj Sci. Learn.

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Top-down and bottom-up oscillatory dynamics regulate implicit visuomotor sequence learning

Lum,

Barham,

Hyde

et al. 2024

Cerebral Cortex

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Implicit visuomotor sequence learning is crucial for acquiring skills that result in automated behaviors. The oscillatory dynamics underpinning this learning process are not well understood. To address this gap, the current study employed electroencephalography with a medium-density array (64 electrodes) to investigate oscillatory activity associated with implicit visuomotor sequence learning in the Serial Reaction Time task. In the task, participants unknowingly learn a series of finger movements. Eighty-five healthy adults participated in the study. Analyses revealed that theta activity at the vertex and alpha/beta activity over the motor areas decreased over the course of learning. No associations between alpha/beta and theta power were observed. These findings are interpreted within a dual-process framework: midline theta activity is posited to regulate top-down attentional processes, whereas beta activity from motor areas underlies the bottom-up encoding of sensory information from movement. From this model, we suggest that during implicit visuomotor sequence learning, top-down processes become disengaged (indicated by a reduction in theta activity), and modality specific bottom-up processes encode the motor sequence (indicated by a reduction in alpha/beta activity).

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Enhancing Retrieval Capacity of the Predictive Brain through Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Intervention

Szücs-Bencze,

Vékony,

Pesthy

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The ability to extract spatial or temporal regularities across experiences is crucial for skill development and predictive processes. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays a key role in modulating competitive memory systems, supporting declarative/episodic memory as opposed to statistical learning. This regulatory role may explain findings of improved acquisition and consolidation of statistical regularities following the suppression of dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC) by repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). This raises a key question: Is access to models and prior statistical knowledge also modulated by the DLPFC? This preregistered study provides new insights by examining the role of the DLPFC in retrieving pre-existing knowledge of temporally distributed statistical regularities. Using a probabilistic learning task, healthy participants engaged in implicit statistical learning for 25 minutes. After a 24-hour consolidation period, participants received either 1 Hz rTMS or sham stimulation over the left, right, or bilateral DLPFC for 10 minutes before retesting. We found more effective access to statistical regularities in the bilateral DLPFC group compared to the sham group. Our results suggest that DLPFC suppression enhances the retrieval of statistical knowledge, particularly when interhemispheric compensatory mechanisms are prevented. These findings contribute to understanding competitive memory systems and offer implications for cognitive enhancement strategies.

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Modulating Visuomotor Sequence Learning by Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: What Do We Know So Far?

Cited by 4 publications

References 146 publications

Interbrain neural correlates of self and other integration in joint statistical learning

Interbrain neural correlates of self and other integration in joint statistical learning

Top-down and bottom-up oscillatory dynamics regulate implicit visuomotor sequence learning

Enhancing Retrieval Capacity of the Predictive Brain through Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Intervention

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