2007
DOI: 10.1159/000110642
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Modulation by Astrocytes of Microglial Cell-Mediated Neuroinflammation: Effect on the Activation of Microglial Signaling Pathways

Abstract: The strong inflammatory response observed in neurodegenerative diseases can depend on the impairment of the endogenous control of microglial activation, triggering the release of potentially detrimental factors such as cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anion (O2·). Our aim was to study the activation of microglial cells and the transduction pathways involved in their modulation by IL-1β and TNF-α. Microglial and mixed glial cell cultures from neonatal rats were exposed to IFN-γ… Show more

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Cited by 64 publications
(49 citation statements)
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“…This immune cell type produces a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines besides other inflammatory and toxic factors (inducible nitric oxide synthase, PGE 2 ) and accounts for cell degeneration. On the other hand, there is extensive cross talk between all types of glial cells during pathophysiological processes in the CNS where a reciprocal regulatory influence in ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases can be observed encompassing astroglia and microglia [35,36] . Sex steroids therefore might affect microglia and thereby modulate astroglial function.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This immune cell type produces a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines besides other inflammatory and toxic factors (inducible nitric oxide synthase, PGE 2 ) and accounts for cell degeneration. On the other hand, there is extensive cross talk between all types of glial cells during pathophysiological processes in the CNS where a reciprocal regulatory influence in ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases can be observed encompassing astroglia and microglia [35,36] . Sex steroids therefore might affect microglia and thereby modulate astroglial function.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To assess the release of NO, nitrites, a stable derivative of NO, were measured as previously reported (Tichauer et al, 2007). Under control conditions, microglia did not exhibit a significant variation in nitrite levels ( Fig.…”
Section: Tgfb1 Released By Astrocytes Inhibits Lps-induced No Productmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Astrocytes have been reported to decrease the production of NO, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and TNF-α from microglia (von Bernhardi and Eugenín, 2004;Smits et al, 2001;Tichauer et al, 2007). Besides, the ability of microglial phagocytizing and removing senile plaque (SP) was markedly suppressed when cocultured with astrocytes.…”
Section: Activated Astrocytes Can Also Inhibit Microglial Activitiesmentioning
confidence: 99%