Modulation by melatonin of glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the carp retina

Abstract

Melatonin is involved in a variety

Melatonin modulates glycine currents of retinal ganglion cells in rat

“…In contrast, melatonin of much lower (nanomolar) concentrations potentiated glutamate-induced currents in the carp conedriven horizontal cells owing to activation of the MT1 receptor [15]. The difference in effects caused by melatonin of lower (nanomolar) and higher (micromolar) concentrations indicates the importance of making distinction between receptor-mediated actions (by nanomolar concentrations) and allosteric ones (by micromolar concentrations).…”

“…In the vertebrate retina melatonin is synthesized and released by photoreceptors [6,7], and melatonin receptors are expressed in retinal neurons [8][9][10][11][12]. Although it was previously shown that effects of melatonin might be mediated by dopamine [13,14], recent evidence suggests that melatonin may directly modulate a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor-mediated currents of cone-driven horizontal cells in carp retina via activation of the MT1 receptor in the outer retina [15]. The three subtypes of melatonin receptors are all expressed in the inner plexiform layer, amacrine cells and ganglion cells, suggesting that melatonin receptor-mediated modulation may also occur in the inner retina [9][10][11]16].…”

Melatonin effects on the hypothalamo–pituitary axis in fish

“…Both the cAMP and PLC pathways modulate intracellular calcium [Ca 2+ ] i through, respectively, the PKA and PKC control of plasma membrane voltage-gated calcium channels, and the Ins(1,4,5)P 3 -dependent control of intracellular stores [17,21]. Melatonin receptors might also be coupled to inhibition of the cGMP pathway [15,17,22,23].…”

IMPORTANCE OF LIGHT IN TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION OF PHOTORECEPTOR PROTEINS AND MELATONIN-PRODUCING SYSTEM IN THE PINEAL OF CARPCATLA CATLA

“…The specificity of the rod-like opsin, α-transducin, or AANAT antibody was determined by a pre-absorbtion test. Each diluted primary antibody was mixed with the respective immunizing antigen (10 μg/ml) and pre-absorbed for 12 h at 4°C before incubation of the immunoblot (Huang et al, 2005;Yaoi et al, 2001). Individual band intensity of the Western blots was quantified by densitometry analysis using Image J software (Chattoraj et al, 2009).…”