Modulation of Antigenic Phenotype in Cultured Human Osteoblast-like Cells by FGFb, TGFβ1, PDGF-BB, IL-2, IL-1β, LPS and IFNγ

Abstract

TGFbeta1 treatment significantly reduced the expression of CD54 and CD86. IL-1beta treatment significantly enhanced the expression of CD54, CD86 and HLA-DR. LPS and IFNgamma treatments produced a major increase in CD54, CD80, CD86 and HLA-DR expression. Expression of these antigen-presenting molecules was not significantly modified by FGFb, PDGF-BB or IL-2 treatment.

Effect of acetaminophen (paracetamol) on human osteosarcoma cell line MG63

“…A similar effect on the antigenic profile of paracetamol treatment was previously reported in osteoblasts in inflammatory situations in vitro and in vivo [13,30] . This effect is explained as the response of osteoblasts to proinflammatory situations, in which there appears to be an activation of their immune function to the detriment of their bone forming function and their differentiation/maturation.…”

“…Research has focused on the activity of osteoblasts, which play an important role in bone formation and regeneration and are reported to have both bone-forming and immunological functions. We draw attention to: the high expression of antigens involved in antigen presentation in bone tissue sections [8] , primary cultures, and human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63 [9][10][11][12] ; the elevated expression of various cytokines [13,14] ; and their phagocytic capacity of osteoblasts against targets of different size and nature [11,12] . Unlike other NSAIDs, the effect of paracetamol on bone tissue has not yet been investigated, despite its very wide therapeutic utilization, especially as an analgesic.…”

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates modulate the antigenic profile and inhibit the maturation and biomineralization potential of osteoblast-like cells

“…This implies major changes in the complex physiology of the osteoblast, which is regulated by multiple local and systemic factors that may regulate the activity of a specific transcription factor [16,19,27]. TGF-β1 is known to play an important role in regulating and stimulating the differentiation of osteoprogenitors during fracture repair [28] and has been described as responsible, among other growth factors, for the biostimulatory effect on osteoblast cells of various treatments [29,30].…”

“…However, its expression can be modulated in the presence of various substances, notably cytokines, growth factors, platelet-rich plasma, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and certain pharmaceuticals [19,[40][41][42][43]. In in vitro studies, human osteoblasts obtained by primary culture from bone samples showed a significantly reduced expression of CD54 and CD86, with no change in their expression of CD80 or HLA-DR after TGFβ1 treatment; and no change in these molecules after treatment with FGFb, PDGF-BB, or IL-2 but a significant increase in their expression after treatment with IL-1β, IFNγ, and LPS [19]. These data, alongside findings on the expression of cytokines (IL-4, IL-12, IL-15, IL-18, and IFNγ) in the osteoblast and their modulation by different factors (FGF, TGFβ1, and PDGF) and cytokines (IL-1 and IFNγ), suggest that the functional capacity of osteoblasts is modified during their differentiation and maturation, with a gain in their bone-forming function at the expense of their immunological function.…”

“…Besides their essential role in bone formation and repair, osteoblasts possess immunological functions, including T lymphocyte stimulation, phagocytic activity, and cytokine synthesis [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Osteoblasts express CD54, CD80, CD86, and HLA-DR surface antigens according to their degree of differentiation and/or activation, and their antigenic profile is modulated by the presence of different cytokines and growth factors [17,18,22].…”