Modulation of Blood Coagulation and Hematological Parameters by Crassocephalum crepidioides Leaf Methanol Extract and Fractions in STZ-Induced Diabetes in the Rat

Abstract

Diabetes affects the homeostasis of the circulatory system. Crassocephalum crepidioides Benth S. Moore (Asteraceae) is an edible plant locally used in the treatment of wounds, stomach ulcer, and skin-related conditions in Africa and some other parts of the world. This study investigated the effects of C. crepidioides leaf methanol extract and fractions on blood coagulation profile of diabetic Wistar rats. The effect of 100 mg/kg body weight of the methanol extract and partitioned fractions of C. crepidioides on blood coagulation profile of STZ-induced diabetic rats were initially evaluated, while graded concentrations (50–200 mg/kg body weight) of the aqueous and hexane fractions were further tested in diabetic rats against standard drugs aspirin (anticoagulant) and metformin (antidiabetic). Rats were allocated into groups (n = 6) and administration was done orally, once daily for 2 weeks. The methanol extract and fractions of C. crepidioides at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg significantly prolonged the bleeding (58–200%), clotting (65–133%), prothrombin (176–441%), and activated partial thromboplastin (209–518%) times in diabetic rats compared to the control rats (LD50 ≥ 5000 mg/kg). Highest prolongation effects were recorded in the diabetic group treated with 100 mg/kg body weight of the hexane fraction. Plasma calcium concentration and platelet counts of C. crepidioides treated diabetic rats were significantly (P<0.05) reduced compared to diabetic control rats, while the red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin concentration, and packed cell volume (PCV) were significantly increased. This study showed that C. crepidioides possess anticoagulant and antianemic activities. The leaves can thus be a potential source of novel anticoagulant and nutraceutical for management of the thrombotic disorder in diabetes and other diseased states.

Assessment of Fertility Effect and Hypolipidemic Activity of Carica papaya (Linn) Leaf Methanol Extract in Male Diabetic Rats

“…C. papaya leaf methanol extract (100 mg/kg) further reduced the bleeding time of the diabetic-treated rats. The observed marked reduction in blood clotting parameters tested in diabetic rats may be due to the hyper-coagulation state reported in DM [33]. Ability of C. papaya leaves to further decrease or sustain the shorter bleeding and clotting times despite amelioration of hyperglycemia indicate the procoagulant tendency of the plant which may be attributed to reported pro-platelet activity of C. papaya.…”

Crassocephalum crepidioides (Bioactivity and Utilization)

“…The highest elongation effect was recorded with the hexane fraction with a concentration of 10 mg/mL. Bioactivity as an anti-coagulant is thought to be related to the C. crepidioides phytochemical content such as unsaturated fatty acids and esters, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and coumarins [5].…”

“…crepidioides has long been used as a food ingredient and traditional medicine. C. crepidioides is used to treat stomach ulcers, indigestion, wounds, ulcers, burns [13], treatment of wounds, gastric ulcers, and skin-related conditions [5]. The use of C. crepidioides as a traditional medicine is related to its bioactivity and will be discussed further.…”

“…Based on ethnomedicine research, the C. crepidioides is used to treat stomach ulcers, indigestion, wounds, ulcers, burns [2], treatment of wounds, gastric ulcers, and conditions related to the skin [5]. Local people of Lam Dong, Vietnam use C. crepidioides to treat wounds [6].…”

Crassocephalum rubens extract and fractions: Hypolipidemic and cardioprotective activities

“…It is predominantly used as a vegetable in salads and sauces in various parts of Africa [15]. The plant is reported to be effective in the treatment and management of disorders like diabetes, inflammation, wounds, liver issues, and sexually transmitted diseases [16][17][18]. Bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, coumarins, and tannins, have been isolated and characterized from C. rubens.…”