2014
DOI: 10.3390/ijms15034158
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Modulation of Gut Microbiota in the Management of Metabolic Disorders: The Prospects and Challenges

Abstract: The gut microbiota plays a number of important roles including digestion, metabolism, extraction of nutrients, synthesis of vitamins, prevention against pathogen colonization, and modulation of the immune system. Alterations or changes in composition and biodiversity of the gut microbiota have been associated with many gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease and colon cancer. Recent evidence suggests that altered composition and diversity of gut microbiota may play a role in t… Show more

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Cited by 111 publications
(61 citation statements)
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“…This is further supported by experimental studies which demonstrated that in the lean and obese mice, gut microbiota affects energy balance by influencing the efficiency of calorie harvested from the diet, as well as utilization and storage of harvested energy (Stienstra et al 2012). Recent study on overweight adults with wheat dextrin, demonstrated a progressive and significant increase in satiety, and decrease in hunger feeling (Erejuwa et al 2014). …”
Section: Obesitymentioning
confidence: 58%
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“…This is further supported by experimental studies which demonstrated that in the lean and obese mice, gut microbiota affects energy balance by influencing the efficiency of calorie harvested from the diet, as well as utilization and storage of harvested energy (Stienstra et al 2012). Recent study on overweight adults with wheat dextrin, demonstrated a progressive and significant increase in satiety, and decrease in hunger feeling (Erejuwa et al 2014). …”
Section: Obesitymentioning
confidence: 58%
“…A combination of B. coagulans with inulin in diet for 6 weeks induced a significant reduction in the levels of C-reactive protein and also increased glutathione levels (Panda et al 2006). Synbiotic supplementation of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and 10 % FOS in rats fed with high-fat, low-fiber diet suppressed intestinal and systemic inflammation and the effects were comparable to FOS supplementation (Delcenserie et al 2008) Treatment of inflammation-prone HLA-B27 rats with similar synbiotics improved the histological changes due to inflammation (Erejuwa et al 2014).…”
Section: Immunomodulationmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Theoretically, gut microbiota could contribute to obesity by 1): enhancing host energy harvest through the hydrolysis and fermentation of dietary polysaccharides, which increased the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production and promoted increased fat pad mass [7]; 2): promoting the overgrowth of endotoxin producers in the gut then contributing to obesity and insulin resistance; 3): elevating plasma levels of bacterial lipopolysaccharide, which led to adipose and liver inflammation and increased whole body, liver and adipose tissue weights; 4): regulating diverse signaling pathways between host and microbiota. For instance, the elevated SCFAs in obese individuals are able to induce peptide YY secretion, which suppresses gut motility and retards intestinal transit and contributes markedly to increased nutrient uptake [51]. Type 2 diabetes is characterized not only by hyperglycemia but also by dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and obesity.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Proposed mechanisms include a postoperatively enhanced incretin response, of which glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is best characterized [10,11], alterations in bile flow [12,13], nutrient sensing [14][15][16] and the gut microbiome [17,18]. Indeed, there is substantial evidence that the exaggerated GLP-1 response is important for improved β cell function and glucose tolerance in patients with T2DM after RYGB [10].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%