Modulation of pain transmission by G-protein-coupled receptors

Pan, Hui Lin; Wu, Zi Zhen; Zhou, Hong; Chen, Shao Rui; Zhang, Hongmei; Li, De Pei

doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2007.09.003

Cited by 169 publications

(130 citation statements)

References 316 publications

(386 reference statements)

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“…many G i/o -coupled receptors (21). Interestingly, stimulation of mAChRs potentiates glutamate release in the majority of spinal dorsal horn neurons in mice (22), which makes it difficult to explain the analgesic effect of mAChR agonists and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Regulation of Primary Afferent Input to Spinal Cord by Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes Delineated Using Knockout Mice

Chen

Yuan

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Activation of muscarinic receptors reduces pain at the spinal level. Results: M 2 and M 4 subtypes mediate muscarinic inhibition of sensory nerve input. M 5 subtype stimulation directly increases sensory input or indirectly inhibits it through metabotropic glutamate receptors. Conclusion: M 2 , M 4 , and M 5 subtypes differentially regulate nociceptive input to the spinal cord. Significance: This study demonstrates how individual muscarinic receptor subtypes control pain transmission.

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confidence: 99%

Differential Regulation of Primary Afferent Input to Spinal Cord by Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes Delineated Using Knockout Mice

Chen

Yuan

et al. 2014

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…The conduction of peripheral pain signals involves glutamate receptors. [60][61][62][63][64] Calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P are entangled in the disinhibition of the ionotropic-glutamate NMDA receptors. Moreover, metabotropic-glutamate receptors hinder the adenylyl-cyclase and decreases the conduction of pain signals.…”

Section: Sensitization Of Nociceptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropathic Pain: Literature Review and Recommendations of Potential Phytotherapies

Raafat¹,

El-Haj²,

Shoumar³

et al. 2017

Phcog J

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Introduction:One of the common syndromes that affect humanity is neuropathic pain (NP), yet poorly understood with no efficient treatment till now. Consequently, it is extremely crucial to seek further evidence for accurate diagnosis and optimum treatment. The aim of this work is to summarize the findings related to neuropathic pain in terms of etiology, types, diagnosis, current and future management prospective, and identify the gaps in neuropathic pain therapy. Methods: A literature investigation was carried out by analyzing classical peer reviewed papers and textbooks, taking into consideration worldwide well established scientific databases mainly PUBMED and SCOPUS to retrieve accessible published literature. The selection of phytotherapies was based upon their potentials in relieving NP in pre-clinical or clinical models. Results: One of the most critical points in this research is that recommendations of the future plans should be focused on the engagement of phytotherapy in the treatment regimen aiming at improving patients' quality of life and reaching optimum efficacy and minimum toxicity. Phytotherapies offer relatively low-risk options to NP patients and have an increasing evidence to be the future of neuropathic pain management. Patients suffering from neuropathy are depending increasingly on phytotherapies; however, they need more clinical trials in order to fully understand their mechanism of actions. Conclusion: Health-care specialists should be regularly informed about neuropathic pain current therapies and promising future phytotherapies, bearing in mind the risk/benefit profile of the utilization of these therapies in the amelioration of NP. Consistent with this criteria NP can be classified into "defined" (all criteria present), "probable" (I and II, in addition either III or IV) or "possible" (I and II, with no confirmatory tests). 3 Moreover, risk factors and epidemiology are cornerstones in understanding NP. Risk factors and EpidemiologyThe literature survey has shown fewer studies on the NP epidemiology. A study on patients evidenced neuropathic pain in 8.2% of adult patients having significantly higher pain intensity than others in a British study. 1,4 Moreover, in a randomly selected adult population using the Douleur Neuropathique four Questions, neuropathic pain were identified in 6.9% of the examined persons in a French study. 5 NP risk factors includes: females, elderly age, minor level of education, living in a rural area worse health (compromised physical, mental and social wellbeing). [5][6][7][8][9] Pathomechanisms Pathomechanisms causing the development of NP are divided into 3 groups: first, electrophysiological properties of the cellular membrane of the first Post-amputation Pain Phantom pain was incident in amputated patients with extremity and stump pain located surrounding the post-surgical stump scar. 31 Due to the fact that strong opiods, tramadol, gabapentin, lidocaine infusions, calcitonin pregabalin or amitriptyline are recommended, evidence of effectiveness ...

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“…[19,20,21,22] While the mechanism and location of action of the sedative effect of these compounds are due to the hyperpolarization of excitable neurons localized in the nucleous coereleus, the analgesic effect of these drugs is not completely understood, and have a complex mechanism. Alpha 2 agonists induce analgesia by acting in different places; brain, brain stem, spinal cord and peripheral nerves.…”

Section: Topics In Spinal Anaesthesia 100mentioning

confidence: 99%