Modulation of retinal image vasculature analysis to extend utility and provide secondary value from optical coherence tomography imaging

Cameron, James M.; Ballerini, Lucia; Langan, Clare; Warren, Charles R.; Denholm, Nicholas; Smart, Katie; MacGillivray, Tom

doi:10.1117/1.jmi.3.2.020501

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Modulation of the different softwares is required to analyse other types of retinal images. The VAMPIRE project developed algorithms to analyse scanning laser ophthalmoscope images generated by the dual-modality Heidelberg SPECTRALIS Ò instrument, which also features optical coherence tomography (Cameron et al 2016). SLOgenerated images are of high contrast and facilitate accurate measures of retinal vessel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal vascular fractal dimension and cerebral blood flow, a pilot study

Nadal

Deverdun

Champfleur

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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Purpose: Ocular and brain microcirculation share embryological and histological similarities. The retinal vascular fractal dimension (FD) is a marker of retinal vascular complexity of the vascular tree. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between cerebral blood flow (CBF), retinal vascular FD and other retinal vascular markers. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis comprising 26 individuals ≥65 years old from the Cognitive REServe and Clinical ENDOphenotype (CRESCENDO) cohort of relative healthy older adults. Retinal vascular FD was measured from fundus photographs by using the semi-automated Singapore Eye Vessel Assessment (SIVA) software. CBF was estimated using a 2D pulsed ASL MRI sequence. Associations between blood flow and retinal parameters were analysed using linear regression models adjusted for age and sex. Results: Cerebral blood flow was positively associated with venular FD (R 2 = 0.32, p = 0.03). This association was stronger in the anterior versus posterior brain territories (R 2 = 0.35 [p = 0.001] versus R 2 = 0.16 [p = 0.07], respectively). Global CBF was correlated with arteriolar branching angle (R 2 = 0.23, p = 0.01) and tortuosity (R 2 = 0.20, p = 0.02). Global CBF was not correlated with other SIVA parameters. Conclusions: Retinal venular complexity summarized by the FD was associated with cerebral blood flow as well as retinal arteriolar tortuosity and branching angle. Larger prospective clinical studies are needed to confirm these results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal vascular fractal dimension and cerebral blood flow, a pilot study

Nadal

Deverdun

Champfleur

et al. 2019

Acta Ophthalmologica

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“…OCT devices can also acquire en face retinal images for vessel caliber assessment to complement choroidal imaging (Supplementary Figure S2). 95 In short, OCT allows comprehensive structural assessment of the entire chorioretinal circulation and its dependent tissue in vivo within a single platform.…”

Section: Retinal Octmentioning

confidence: 99%

The eye, the kidney, and cardiovascular disease: old concepts, better tools, and new horizons

Farrah

Dhillon

Keane

et al. 2020

Kidney International

104

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common, with hypertension and diabetes mellitus acting as major risk factors for its development. Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide and the most frequent end point of CKD. There is an urgent need for more precise methods to identify patients at risk of CKD and cardiovascular disease. Alterations in microvascular structure and function contribute to the development of hypertension, diabetes, CKD, and their associated cardiovascular disease. Homology between the eye and the kidney suggests that noninvasive imaging of the retinal vessels can detect these microvascular alterations to improve targeting of at-risk patients. Retinal vessel–derived metrics predict incident hypertension, diabetes, CKD, and cardiovascular disease and add to the current renal and cardiovascular risk stratification tools. The advent of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has transformed retinal imaging by capturing the chorioretinal microcirculation and its dependent tissue with near-histological resolution. In hypertension, diabetes, and CKD, OCT has revealed vessel remodeling and chorioretinal thinning. Clinical and preclinical OCT has linked retinal microvascular pathology to circulating and histological markers of injury in the kidney. The advent of OCT angiography allows contrast-free visualization of intraretinal capillary networks to potentially detect early incipient microvascular disease. Combining OCT’s deep imaging with the analytical power of deep learning represents the next frontier in defining what the eye can reveal about the kidney and broader cardiovascular health.

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