Modulation of Salmonella infection by the lectins of Canavalia ensiformis (Con A) and Galanthus nivalis (GNA) in a rat model in vivo

Abstract

The plant lectins, Concanavalin A (Con A) and Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) have been prefed to rats for 3 d pre‐ and 6 d postinfection with Salmonella typhimurium S986 or Salm. enteritidis 857. Con A significantly increased numbers of Salm. typhimurium S986 in the large intestine and in faeces, and severely impaired growth of the rats, more severely than is the case of infection with Salmonella typhimurium alone. Con A had much less effect on rats infected with Salm. enteritidis 857 only showing a significant increase in numbers in the colon, accompanied by intermittent increases of Salmonella in the faeces during the study. GNA significantly reduced pathogen numbers in the lower part of the small bowel and the large intestine of rats infected with Salm. typhimurium S986 and significantly improved rat growth. GNA had little effect on infection by Salm. enteritidis 857 with slight decreases in Salmonella numbers in the small intestine and large intestine and transient increases in the faeces.

Lack of flagella disadvantages Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis during the early stages of infection in the rat

“…Enteritidis strains LA5 and S1400 colonized and invaded in a manner generally similar to that seen with other S. Enteritidis or S. Typhimurium strains (Naughton et al, 1995(Naughton et al, , 1996a(Naughton et al, , 2000Havelaar et al, 2001;Islam et al, 2000). Thus, there was rapid distribution throughout the gastrointestinal tract, translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes and spread to the liver and spleen of the rats.…”

“…Salmonella sp. colonize the whole gastrointestinal tract of the rat and cause disruption of the small intestine epithelium, epithelial cell hyperplasia and infiltration by inflammatory cells (Naughton et al, 1995(Naughton et al, , 1996a(Naughton et al, , 2000Havelaar et al, 2001;Islam et al, 2000). Invasion is mainly via the ileum; large numbers of salmonella reach the mesenteric lymph nodes and moderate numbers spread to and persist in the liver and spleen.…”

“…Rats continue to grow, albeit slowly, and death due to infection is rare, unless health or immune status or gut integrity has been compromised by other factors. Salmonellosis in the rat thus has many similarities to the self-limiting gastroenteritis-type infection common in humans and domesticated animals (Naughton et al, 1995(Naughton et al, , 1996a(Naughton et al, , 2000Havelaar et al, 2001;Islam et al, 2000). Defined fimbriae-(SEF14, SEF17, SEF21, pef and lpf) and/or flagella-deleted mutants of S. Enteritidis and their wild-type parent strains were tested in this infection model.…”

Interaction of Some Pathogenic Bacteria with Phaseolus Vulgaris L. Seeds Lectin (as Biosensor)

“…1, it's important to notice that the tested lectin that efficiently agglutinated bacterial strain had a related carbohydrate specificity (N-acetylglucoseamine and its oligosaccharides) because this type of carbohydrate is the famous receptor on surfaces pathogenic bacteria [9]. This lectin was chosen because it agglutinated all the tested bacteria and its resistance to proteolytic attack in the gastrointestinal tract, was absorbed and induced systemic [6].…”

“…In bacteria, numerous surface structures bind lectins, such as peptidoglycan, teichoic acids, lipopolysaccharides, and capsular materials [6]. The complex interactions among pathogens and hosts, some of them still unclear, determination an increasing fight against pathogens, especially by chemicals drugs uses.…”