Modulation of Sea Ice Melt Onset and Retreat in the Laptev Sea by the Timing of Snow Retreat in the West Siberian Plain

Crawford, Alex D.; Horvath, Sean; Stroeve, Julienne; Rajagopalan, Balaji

doi:10.1029/2018jd028697

Cited by 13 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…In general, low pressure over Eurasia and high pressure over the central Arctic or North America often lead to the initiation of melt onset, particularly in the Laptev, East Siberian, Chukchi, and Beaufort seas. Previous work has found that this pressure pattern can be triggered by snow retreat in Eurasia (Crawford et al 2018;Matsumura et al 2014): As snow cover melts, the surface warms due to reduced surface albedo, amplifying stationary Rossby waves and leading to a deceleration of the polar jet (Matsumura et al 2014). This produces negative SLP anomalies over Eurasia and positive anomalies in the central Arctic, variations of which appear on the right side of the master SOM (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

et al. 2021

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The timing of melt onset in the Arctic plays a key role in the evolution of sea ice throughout Spring, Summer and Autumn. A major catalyst of early melt onset is increased downwelling longwave radiation, associated with increased levels of moisture in the atmosphere. Determining the atmospheric moisture pathways that are tied to increased downwelling longwave radiation and melt onset is therefore of keen interest. We employed Self Organizing Maps (SOM) on the daily sea level pressure for the period 1979–2018 over the Arctic during the melt season (April–July) and identified distinct circulation patterns. Melt onset dates were mapped on to these SOM patterns. The dominant moisture transport to much of the Arctic is enabled by a broad low pressure region stretching over Siberia and a high pressure over northern North America and Greenland. This configuration, which is reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic dipole pattern, funnels moisture from lower latitudes and through the Bering and Chukchi Seas. Other leading patterns are variations of this which transport moisture from North America and the Atlantic to the Central Arctic and Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Our analysis further indicates that most of the early and late melt onset timings in the Arctic are strongly related to the strong and weak emergence of these preferred circulation patterns, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

et al. 2021

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“…Though not commonly used in sea ice applications, Brown et al (2014) show that IMS is advantageous over several automated algorithms for monitoring sea ice phenology. IMS is also able to improve sea ice estimates by reducing land contamination and better representing coastal regions compared to passive microwave estimates (Brown et al, 2014), as well as to resolve finer-scale details between narrow ocean channels (Dauginis and Brown, 2020). This work expands on the work of Dauginis and Brown (2020) and examines changes in sea ice, lake ice, and snow phenology from 1997-2019 across the pan-Arctic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The Canadian Arctic Archipelago (CAA), however, has been shown to exhibit earlier freeze trends during recent years (e.g. Dauginis and Brown, 2020) and weaker trends toward earlier melt onset compared to other Arctic regions (e.g. Mahmud et al, 2016;Marshall et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Special Sensor Microwave/Imager (SSM/I) and Scanning Multichannel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) passive microwave datasets have been widely used in snow and sea ice mapping (e.g. Cho et al, 2017;Lynch et al, 2016;Crawford et al, 2018). Passive microwave data are well suited for snow and ice monitoring due to all-weather imaging capabilities and long available records (since the late 1970s), though the coarse resolution (25 km) limits their application and reduces the accuracy of estimates (Derksen et al, 2004;Mudryk et al, 2015;Pulliainen et al, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent changes in pan-Arctic sea ice, lake ice, and snow-on/off timing

Dauginis

Brown

2021

The Cryosphere

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Abstract. Arctic snow and ice cover are vital indicators of climate variability and change, yet while the Arctic shows overall warming and dramatic changes in snow and ice cover, the response of these high-latitude regions to recent climatic change varies regionally. Although previous studies have examined changing snow and ice separately, examining phenology changes across multiple components of the cryosphere together is important for understanding how these components and their response to climate forcing are interconnected. In this work, we examine recent changes in sea ice, lake ice, and snow together at the pan-Arctic scale using the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System 24 km product from 1997–2019, with a more detailed regional examination from 2004–2019 using the 4 km product. We show overall that for sea ice, trends toward earlier open water (−7.7 d per decade, p<0.05) and later final freeze (10.6 d per decade, p<0.05) are evident. Trends toward earlier first snow-off (−4.9 d per decade, p<0.05), combined with trends toward earlier first snow-on (−2.8 d per decade, p<0.05), lead to almost no change in the length of the snow-free season, despite shifting earlier in the year. Sea ice-off, lake ice-off, and snow-off parameters were significantly correlated, with stronger correlations during the snow-off and ice-off season compared to the snow-on and ice-on season. Regionally, the Bering and Chukchi seas show the most pronounced response to warming, with the strongest trends identified toward earlier ice-off and later ice-on. This is consistent with earlier snow-off and lake ice-off and later snow-on and lake ice-on in west and southwest Alaska. In contrast to this, significant clustering between sea ice, lake ice, and snow-on trends in the eastern portion of the North American Arctic shows an earlier return of snow and ice. The marked regional variability in snow and ice phenology across the pan-Arctic highlights the complex relationships between snow and ice, as well as their response to climatic change, and warrants detailed monitoring to understand how different regions of the Arctic are responding to ongoing changes.

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“…CC BY 4.0 License. Lynch et al 2017;Crawford et al 2018). Passive microwave data are well-suited for snow and ice monitoring due to allweather imaging capabilities and long available records (since the late 1970s), though the coarse resolution (25 km) limits their application and reduces the accuracy of estimates (Derksen et al 2004;Gao et al 2010;De Lannoy et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comment on tc-2021-52

2021

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Arctic snow and ice cover are vital indicators of climate variability and change, yet while the Arctic shows overall warming and dramatic changes in snow and ice cover, the response of these high-latitude regions to recent climatic change varies regionally. Although previous studies have examined changing snow and ice separately, examining phenology changes across multiple components of the cryosphere together is important for understanding how these components, and their response to climate forcing, are interconnected. In this work, we examine recent changes in sea ice, lake ice and snow together at the pan-Arctic scale using the Interactive Multisensor Snow and Ice Mapping System 24 km product from 1997 -2019, with a more detailed regional examination from 2004 -2019 using the 4 km product. We show overall that for sea ice, trends towards earlier open water (-7.7 d decade -1 , p < 0.05) and later final freeze (10.6 d decade -1 , p < 0.05) are evident. Trends towards earlier first snow-off (-4.9 d decade -1 , p < 0.05), combined with trends toward earlier first snow-on (-2.8 d decade -1 p < 0.05), lead to almost no change in the length of the snow-free season, despite shifting earlier in the year. Sea ice-off, lake ice-off and snow-off parameters were significantly correlated, with stronger correlations during the snow/ice-off season compared to the snow/ice-on season. Regionally, the Bering and Chukchi Seas show the most pronounced response to warming, with the strongest trends identified toward earlier ice-off and later ice-on. This is consistent with earlier snow/lake ice-off and later snow/lake ice-on in west and southwest Alaska. In contrast to this, significant clustering between sea ice, lake ice and snow-on trends in the eastern portion of the North American Arctic show an earlier return of snow and ice. The marked regional variability in snow and ice phenology across the pan-Arctic highlights the complex relationships between snow and ice, and their response to climatic change, and warrants detailed monitoring to understand how different regions of the Arctic are responding to ongoing changes.

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Modulation of Sea Ice Melt Onset and Retreat in the Laptev Sea by the Timing of Snow Retreat in the West Siberian Plain

Cited by 13 publications

References 52 publications

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

Arctic sea ice melt onset favored by an atmospheric pressure pattern reminiscent of the North American-Eurasian Arctic pattern

Recent changes in pan-Arctic sea ice, lake ice, and snow-on/off timing

Comment on tc-2021-52

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