Modulation of sensorimotor cortical oscillations in athletes with yips

Abstract

The yips, an involuntary movement impediment that affects performance in skilled athletes, is commonly described as a form of task-specific focal dystonia or as a disorder lying on a continuum with focal dystonia at one end (neurological) and chocking under pressure at the other (psychological). However, its etiology has been remained to be elucidated. In order to understand sensorimotor cortical activity associated with this movement disorder, we examined electroencephalographic oscillations over the bilateral sensorimotor areas during a precision force task in athletes with yips, and compared them with age-, sex-, and years of experience-matched controls. Alpha-band event-related desynchronization (ERD), that occurs during movement execution, was greater in athlete with yips as compared to controls when increasing force output to match a target but not when adjusting the force at around the target. Event-related synchronization that occurs after movement termination was also greater in athletes with yips. There was no significant difference in task performance between groups. The enhanced ERD is suggested to be attributed to dysfunction of inhibitory system or increased allocation of attention to the body part used during the task. Our findings indicate that sensorimotor cortical oscillatory response is increased during movement initiation in athletes with yips.

Difference in Personality Traits and Symptom Intensity According to the Trigger-Based Classification of Throwing Yips in Baseball Players

“…In addition, previous studies investigated the relationship between yips and “Reinvestment,” which is defined as consciously attempting to control movements by utilizing explicit and rule-based knowledge during skill execution (Masters and Maxwell, 2008 ). Watanabe et al ( 2021 ) speculate that reinvestment may be involved in yips, based on the fact that alpha-band event-related desynchronization during precision force control task in athletes with yips is different from control individuals. Therefore, results of the present study, in which throwing yips occurred in some players who were in the process of consciously changing their throwing mechanics, would be reasonable in light of previous studies.…”

Influencing factors of corticomuscular coherence in stroke patients

“…Force results from intricate interactions among components of the neuromuscular system, leading to distinct patterns of corticospinal oscillations for various movements. Several studies have discovered that the motor cortex exhibits heightened β band oscillations during the control and maintenance of static force ( Baker et al, 1997 ; Salenius et al, 1997 ; Gross et al, 2000 ; Watanabe et al, 2021 ), and increased γ band oscillations when generating dynamic force ( Baker et al, 1997 ; Chen et al, 2018b ). This phenomenon arises because the muscle length remains constant during static force output ( Song et al, 2018 ), necessitating only sufficient tension to counteract the external force.…”

Multifunctional changes in the athletes’ body during the formation of autonomic regulations’ overstrain under the influence of training load

“…The central mechanisms of its regulation are related to the speed of SCS (s) in the prefrontal areas of the cerebral cortex. At the same time, the left and right lobes of the brain are characterized by different mechanisms of motor activity, primarily with a predominance of energy and plastic support for work (Skyba et al, 2017;Maric et al, 2020;Watanabe et al, 2021). It is believed that the depletion of energy resources in the body leads to an increase in the activity of the prefrontal cortex of the left lobe and, according to many authors, is as-…”