Modulation of the immune system by synthetic polynucleotides

Johnson, Arthur G.

doi:10.1007/bf01891666

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Youn et al [25] have shown significant enhancement of NK cell activity following poly A-poly U treatment in operable stomach cancer patients. The antitumor and stimulating effect on cellular immune response, NK cell activity, and interferon production capacity of poly A-poly U treatment could be the possible mechanisms responsible for offsetting the detrimental effects of surgery and blood transfusions, resulting in significantly diminished tumor metastases growth [3,10,11,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been shown to posses an antitumor effect, and to be a potent immunomodulator of both the humoral and cellular immune response and to result in enhancement of natural killer (NK) cell activity [1,3,11,12,24). Furthermore, even at high dosage, no toxic or pyrogenic effects have been reported on use of poly A-poly U as an adjunct in cancer therapy [4,8].…”

Section: Offprint Requests To: S K Singhmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abrogation of the tumor promoting effect of allogeneic blood transfusion by polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U)

Singh

Marquet

Westbroek

et al. 1987

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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Studies from several centers have shown an immunosuppressive effect of surgical procedures, whilst others have shown blood transfusion in association with cancer surgery to have an adverse effect on ultimate prognosis. We have previously demonstrated enhanced growth of tumor metastases, in rats following allogeneic blood transfusion and surgery. Polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U) has been reported to stimulate immune responses. In this report, we have investigated the effectiveness of poly A-poly U as an adjuvant to blood transfusion and surgical procedures in BN rats bearing artificial lung metastases. Significantly reduced tumor growth was observed, following poly A-poly U adjuvant treatment. These results lead to serious contemplation of the use of this drug as adjuvant therapy in blood transfused and surgically treated patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Offprint Requests To: S K Singhmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrogation of the tumor promoting effect of allogeneic blood transfusion by polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U)

Singh

Marquet

Westbroek

et al. 1987

Cancer Immunol Immunother

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“…Poly A:Poly U is capable of stimulating specific antibody responses vis-a-vis a number of protein or polysaccharide antigens in a variety of animal species (Johnson 1979;Hovanessian 1988). In mice, it could even potentiate sub immunogenic doses of proteins.…”

Section: Humoral Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

Poly A-Poly U: An Updated Review

Tursz

Morin

Paillette

et al. 1990

Immunotherapeutic Prospects of Infectious Diseases

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“…Initially, the cytotoxic action of LPS in vivo was hypothesized to cause the release of cellular nucleic acids which acted as trephones (nourishment) for immunocompetent cells. Consequently, nucleic acids per se were explored as possible endogenous host mediators of the potent adjuvant action of LPS (56). Support for this hypothesis was gained by the finding that stimulation of the immune response to unrelated antigens was a property of both endogenously and exogenously derived nucleic acids, as well as of the lowmolecular-weight breakdown products isolated following treatment of nucleic acids with nucleases (100).…”

Section: Polyribonucleotide Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular adjuvants and immunomodulators: new approaches to immunization

Johnson

1994

Clin Microbiol Rev

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Epitopes on microbial antigens responsible for protective immunity have begun to be identified and isolated, and their chemical structures have been determined. Ensuing knowledge of their weak immunizing capacity per se has led to an appreciation of the need for adjuvants to increase the immunogenicity of these low-molecular-weight synthetic structures. As such, a recent surge in adjuvant research has emerged. Accordingly, this review will highlight a number of those adjuvant substances whose activity in animals indicates a potential use in human vaccines. In addition, the potential of several well-defined substances, termed immunomodulators, which nonspecifically stimulate resistance of animals to multiple 50% lethal doses of microbial challenge is described. Among the most extensively characterized adjuvants of microbial origin discussed in detail are (i) the lipopolysaccharides isolated from gram-negative bacteria and their nontoxic analogs, (ii) the synthetic muramyl dipeptides and their multiple analogs, and (iii) the synthetic polyribonucleotide complexes, mimicking the interferon-inducing capacity of viruses. Discussed also are the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli, the nonionic block copolymers, the saponins, a quinolamine derivative, and the hormone dihydroepiandrosterone.

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Modulation of the immune system by synthetic polynucleotides

Cited by 26 publications

References 76 publications

Abrogation of the tumor promoting effect of allogeneic blood transfusion by polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U)

Abrogation of the tumor promoting effect of allogeneic blood transfusion by polyadenylic-polyuridylic acid (poly A-poly U)

Poly A-Poly U: An Updated Review

Molecular adjuvants and immunomodulators: new approaches to immunization

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