Modulation of the noradrenergic activity index by neural stimulus, and its participation in ovarian androstenedione release during the luteal phase

Noradrenaline modulates the presence of gonadotropin-releasing hormone in ovary. The importance of its interrelation on the ovarian steroidogenesis and apoptosis on dioestrus II in rat.

“…This study shows for the first time the decrease of GnRH in the ovarian compartment in the ex vivo system, demonstrating that the peripheral nervous system with the presence of NA in the coeliac ganglion might be modulating the presence of this decapeptide, known for its apoptotic effect. The results obtained are in agreement with other authors who proposed that the increase of circulating catecholamines by a sympathetic hyperactivation [38,39] or by ganglionic stimulus at long times [25] increased the levels of ovarian E 2 . This increase together with a decrease of ovarian GnRH, observed in our study, might increase bcl-2, inhibiting apoptosis and favoring the formation of cysts in the ovary [39,40].…”

“…This model and the ovary incubation are useful for studying intraovarian factors which can be precisely and directly evaluated without the interference of circulating steroids [3,8,25]. We have demonstrated that the nervous system protects the ovary from the apoptotic mechanisms in which the bax/bcl-2 ratio participates while, in the ovary incubations, the increase of GnRH might lead to follicular atresia and CL involution, favoring the initiation of apoptotic mechanisms, at least at the incubation times.…”

“…It is important to emphasize that the decrease of ovarian P 4 in the experimental groups when adding NA in ganglion might be due to the liberation of different neurotransmitters, such as neuropeptide Y(NPY), nitric oxide NO, GnRH, GABA [3,21,25,26] and NA, from the SON to the ovary.…”

“…Bronzi et al [25] found that on DII, when adding NA in the coeliac ganglion compartment, the most important neurotransmitter released in the ovarian compartment is NA. However, the reuptake index was high.…”

Hormonal and Neural Mechanisms Regulating Hormone Steroids Secretion

“…Adding NA to the CG obtained from rats on diestrus 1 resulted in ovarian dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity increases, while adding NA to the CG system from rats on diestrus 2 only increased noradrenergic activity. Such changes in dopaminergic and noradrenergic ovarian activities resulted in lower release of androstenedione in systems obtained from rats on diestrus 1, and higher release of androstenedione in systems obtained from rats on diestrus 2 (Bronzi et al, 2011).…”