Modulatory compartments in cortex and local regulation of cholinergic tone

Coppola, Jennifer; Ward, Nicholas J; Jadi, Monika P.; Disney, Anita A.

doi:10.1016/j.jphysparis.2016.08.001

Cited by 31 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Similar to dopaminergic axon varicosities, cholinergic ones, form few structurally defined synaptic connections, therefore favoring a slow cholinergic volume transmission (Descarries et al, 1997;Zhou et al, 2001;Aznavour et al, 2003;Coppola et al, 2016;Ovsepian et al, 2016;Dunant & Gisiger, 2017). The integration of a striatal cholinergic tone established by volume and synaptic transmission is considered to act within neuronal networks to change their balance of activity to possibly initiate neuronal ensembles with specific functions (Fuxe et al, 2012).…”

Section: Anatomicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic modulation of striatal microcircuits

Abudukeyoumu

Hernández-Flores

García‐Muñoz

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

106

107

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The purpose of this review is to bridge the gap between earlier literature on striatal cholinergic interneurons and mechanisms of microcircuit interaction demonstrated with the use of newly available tools. It is well known that the main source of the high level of acetylcholine in the striatum, compared to other brain regions, is the cholinergic interneurons. These interneurons provide an extensive local innervation that suggests they may be a key modulator of striatal microcircuits. Supporting this idea requires the consideration of functional properties of these interneurons, their influence on medium spiny neurons, other interneurons, and interactions with other synaptic regulators. Here, we underline the effects of intrastriatal and extrastriatal afferents onto cholinergic interneurons and discuss the activation of pre- and postsynaptic muscarinic and nicotinic receptors that participate in the modulation of intrastriatal neuronal interactions. We further address recent findings about corelease of other transmitters in cholinergic interneurons and actions of these interneurons in striosome and matrix compartments. In addition, we summarize recent evidence on acetylcholine-mediated striatal synaptic plasticity and propose roles for cholinergic interneurons in normal striatal physiology. A short examination of their role in neurological disorders such as Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Tourette's pathologies and dystonia is also included.

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Section: Anatomicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinergic modulation of striatal microcircuits

Abudukeyoumu

Hernández-Flores

García‐Muñoz

et al. 2018

Eur J of Neuroscience

106

107

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“…Neuromodulatory compartments: Differences in local anatomical features (such as differences in receptor expression by cell type, shown here) provide a mechanism for a variation in cholinergic modulation across cortical areas. We have previously proposed the existence of unique neuromodulatory compartments across cortex (Coppola et al, 2016), that are determined by anatomical characteristics. Here, we report differences in modulatory compartments in cortex that align with functional compartmentalization in vision (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We recently proposed the existence of distinct neuromodulatory compartments across cortex (Coppola et al, 2016). A neuromodulatory compartment is a region of tissue, defined anatomically, within which modulatory conditions are predicted to be relatively uniform and between which modulatory conditions differ profoundly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Most calbindin-immunoreactive neurons, but few calretinin-immunoreative neurons, express the m1 acetylcholine receptor in the middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey

Coppola

Disney

2018

Preprint

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Release of the neuromodulator acetylcholine into cortical circuits supports cognition, although its precise role and mechanisms of action are not well-understood. Little is known about functional differences in cholinergic modulatory effects across cortical model systems, but anatomical evidence suggests that such differences likely exist because, for example, the expression of cholinergic receptors differs profoundly both within and between species. In the primary visual cortex (V1) of macaque monkeys, cholinergic receptors are strongly expressed by inhibitory interneurons. Here, we examine m1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor expression by two subclasses of inhibitory interneurons-identified by their expression of the calcium-binding proteins calbindin and calretinin-in the middle temporal extrastriate area (MT) of the macaque. Using dual-immunofluorescence confocal microscopy, we find that the majority of calbindinimmunoreactive neurons (55%) and only few calretinin-immunoreactive neurons (10%) express the m1 acetylcholine receptor. This differs from the pattern observed in V1 of the same species, lending further support to the notion that cholinergic modulation in cortex is tuned such that different cortical compartments will respond to acetylcholine release in different ways.

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“…2B-C). Although ACh-releasing axons extend across relatively large regions of cortex, it has been proposed that structural features of cortical neuropil-combined with the distribution of ACh receptors and choline transporters-could effectively compartmentalize cortical subregions to permit neuromodulation on much smaller spatial scales than is generally appreciated (Coppola et al, 2016). Moreover, the time scale of muscarinic (G-protein-coupled) ACh receptor activation, albeit slower than ion channel receptors, is potentially within the right range to affect information processing within individual trials (Lohse et al, 2009).…”

Section: Compensation On Fast Time Scalesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Focal optogenetic suppression in macaque area MT biases direction discrimination and choice confidence, but only transiently

Fetsch

Odean

Jeurissen

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Insights from causal manipulations of brain activity depend on targeting the spatial and temporal scale most relevant for behavior. Using a sensitive perceptual decision task in monkeys, we examined the effects of randomly-interleaved, rapid, reversible inactivation on a spatial scale previously achieved only with electrical microstimulation. Inactivating neurons in area MT with consistent direction tuning produced systematic effects on choice and confidence. Behavioral effects were attenuated over the course of each session, suggesting compensatory adjustments in the downstream readout of MT over tens of minutes. Compensation also occurred on a sub-second time scale: behavior was largely unaffected on trials with visual stimuli (and concurrent suppression) longer than ~350ms. These trends were similar for choice and confidence, consistent with the idea of a common mechanism underlying both measures. The findings demonstrate the utility of hyperpolarizing opsins for linking neural population activity at fine spatial and temporal scales to cognitive functions in primates.

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Modulatory compartments in cortex and local regulation of cholinergic tone

Cited by 31 publications

References 49 publications

Cholinergic modulation of striatal microcircuits

Cholinergic modulation of striatal microcircuits

Most calbindin-immunoreactive neurons, but few calretinin-immunoreative neurons, express the m1 acetylcholine receptor in the middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey

Focal optogenetic suppression in macaque area MT biases direction discrimination and choice confidence, but only transiently

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