Modulatory Effects of Ascorbic Acid and α-tocopherol on Arsenic Induced Micronuclei Formation

Balakumar, Bharathi; Suresh, R.; Venugopal, R.

doi:10.3923/ijp.2010.676.680

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The assay was therefore employed as a marker of clastogenicity in the present study. In concert with studies in our laboratory and that of others [32][33][34], SA significantly increased (p < 0.05) the frequency of induction of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCES) in bone marrow cells when compared with the negative control. This observation in SA treated group is an indication of clastogenic potential of SA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria against the Clastogenicity and Hepatotoxicity of Sodium Arsenite in Mice

Akinwumi¹

2018

J. Can. Res. Updates

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Exposure to arsenic is a public health concern and many strategies are being employed to counter arsenic intoxication. Here, we investigated the effect of methanol leaf extracts of Rauvolfia vomitoria (MRV) on mice exposed to sodium arsenite (SA) using micronucleus assay and monitoring the activities of γ-glutamyltransferase (γ-GT), alkaline phosphate (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine-aminotransferase (ALT) in the plasma. In addition, pathological examination of the liver of test and control mice was carried out. Test mice were exposed to 1300, 650 and 325 mg/kg body weight of MRV for seven consecutive days before injection (i.p.) with 1 mg/kg body weight of SA on the seventh day. Negative control mice were given distilled water, while the positive control animals were injected with 1 mg/kg body weight of SA twenty hours before the experiment was terminated on the eighth day. The SA significantly (p < 0.05) increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (mPCE) and the activities of γ-GT, ALP, AST and ALT when compared to the negative control. Mice treated with SA showed portal inflammation and hepatocyte necrosis. Pretreatment with MRV significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the biochemical parameters except ALT that was increased in animals treated with SA and 1300 mg/kg body weight MRV. Histopathological changes induced by SA were prevented by 650 and 325 mg/kg body weight MRV. This suggests that methanol extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria offers some degree of chemo-protection against SA induced clastogenicity and liver damage at lower doses.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

The Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria against the Clastogenicity and Hepatotoxicity of Sodium Arsenite in Mice

Akinwumi¹

2018

J. Can. Res. Updates

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“…Another study reported genotoxic effects of sodium arsenite (known for its genotoxic effects through ROS generation) in forming micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of Wistar rats (Balakumar et al , ). Supplementation by orally administered α ‐tocopherol (400 mg kg −1 of body weight) and ascorbic acid (200 mg kg −1 of body weight) to rats given 100 ppm of sodium arsenite in their drinking water for 30 days suggested a protective effect on the cellular antioxidant system and a modulation of arsenic‐induced micronuclei formation.…”

Section: Arsenic and Human Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic: toxicity, oxidative stress and human disease

Jomová

Jenisová

Baroš

et al. 2011

J of Applied Toxicology

1,202

578

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Arsenic (As) is a toxic metalloid element that is present in air, water and soil. Inorganic arsenic tends to be more toxic than organic arsenic. Examples of methylated organic arsenicals include monomethylarsonic acid [MMA(V)] and dimethylarsinic acid [DMA(V)]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative damage is a common denominator in arsenic pathogenesis. In addition, arsenic induces morphological changes in the integrity of mitochondria. Cascade mechanisms of free radical formation derived from the superoxide radical, combined with glutathione-depleting agents, increase the sensitivity of cells to arsenic toxicity. When both humans and animals are exposed to arsenic, they experience an increased formation of ROS/RNS, including peroxyl radicals (ROO•), the superoxide radical, singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radical (OH•) via the Fenton reaction, hydrogen peroxide, the dimethylarsenic radical, the dimethylarsenic peroxyl radical and/or oxidant-induced DNA damage. Arsenic induces the formation of oxidized lipids which in turn generate several bioactive molecules (ROS, peroxides and isoprostanes), of which aldehydes [malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-nonenal (HNE)] are the major end products. This review discusses aspects of chronic and acute exposures of arsenic in the etiology of cancer, cardiovascular disease (hypertension and atherosclerosis), neurological disorders, gastrointestinal disturbances, liver disease and renal disease, reproductive health effects, dermal changes and other health disorders. The role of antioxidant defence systems against arsenic toxicity is also discussed. Consideration is given to the role of vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin E (α-tocopherol), curcumin, glutathione and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase in their protective roles against arsenic-induced oxidative stress.

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“…Occupational exposure to arsenic among workers in a glass plant results in five times increase in arsenic which leads to increased DNA damage in leukocytes (Vuyyuri et al 2006). Genotoxic effects of sodium arsenite through the generation of reactive oxygen species were reported with the formation of micronuclei in the polychromatic erythrocytes in the bone marrow cells of Wistar rats (Balakumar et al, 2010). Portal tract fibrosis was reported in the liver of arsenic-exposed group (Mazumder et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussion:-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomodulatory Effect of Lactobacillus Sporogenes on Ovary of Arsenic Exposed Mice.

Kumar¹

2018

IJAR

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Modulatory Effects of Ascorbic Acid and α-tocopherol on Arsenic Induced Micronuclei Formation

Cited by 9 publications

References 31 publications

The Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria against the Clastogenicity and Hepatotoxicity of Sodium Arsenite in Mice

The Protective Effect of Methanol Extract of Rauvolfia vomitoria against the Clastogenicity and Hepatotoxicity of Sodium Arsenite in Mice

Arsenic: toxicity, oxidative stress and human disease

Cytomodulatory Effect of Lactobacillus Sporogenes on Ovary of Arsenic Exposed Mice.

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