MOG Antibody–Associated Disease and Thymic Hyperplasia

Hurtubise, Brigitte; Frohman, Elliot M.; Galetta, Steven; Balcer, Laura J.; Frohman, Teresa C.; Lisak, Robert P.; Newsome, Scott D.; Graves, Jennifer; Zamvil, Scott S.; Amezcua, Lilyana

doi:10.1212/nxi.0000000000200077

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…For example, it is unclear how transient or fluctuating MOG seropositivity, sometimes seen with repeated serum sampling even off treatment, should be applied to MOGAD diagnostic criteria. In addition, MOG-Abs have been reported in conditions considered noncore by the 2023 MOGAD criteria, such as orbital inflammatory disease 31,32 and thymic hyperplasia, 33 so how does one decide whether to include them in future or is the MOG-Ab association spurious for noncore presentations? Furthermore, there are unresolved issues about the role of MOG seropositivity in patients diagnosed with MS. Further basic science and translational research is needed to fully understand the role of MOG-Ab in MOGAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children

Varley,

Champsas,

Prossor

et al. 2024

Neurology

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Background and ObjectivesTo test the performance of the 2023 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) criteria in adults and children with inflammatory demyelinating conditions who were tested for MOG antibodies (Abs). MethodsThis was a retrospective study of patients tested for MOG-Abs from 2018 to 2022 in 2 specialist hospitals. The inclusion criteria comprised ≥1 attendance in an adult or pediatric demyelinating disease clinic and complete clinical and MRI records. The final clinical diagnosis of MOGAD, made by the treating neurologist, was taken as the benchmark against which the new criteria were tested. The international MOGAD diagnostic criteria were applied retrospectively; they stipulate at least 1 clinical or MRI supporting feature for MOGAD diagnosis in positive fixed MOG cellbased assay without a titer. The performance MOG-Ab testing alone for MOGAD diagnosis was also assessed and compared with that of MOGAD criteria using the McNemar test. ResultsOf the 1,879 patients tested for MOG-Abs, 539 (135 pediatric and 404 adults) met the inclusion criteria. A clinical diagnosis of MOGAD was made in 86/539 (16%) patients (37 adults, 49 children), with a median follow-up of 3.6 years. The MOGAD diagnostic criteria had sensitivity of 96.5% (adults 91.9%, children 100%), specificity of 98.9% (adults 98.8%, children 98.9%), positive predictive value of 94.3% (adults 89.4%, children 98%), negative predictive value of 99.3% (adults 99.2%, children 100%), and accuracy of 98.5% (adults 98.3%, children 99.2%). When compared with MOG-Ab testing alone, a difference was seen only in adults: a significantly higher specificity (98.9% vs 95.6%, p = 0.0005) and nonstatistically significant lower sensitivity (91.9% vs 100%, p = 0.08). DiscussionThe international MOGAD diagnostic criteria exhibit high performance in selected patients with inflammatory demyelinating diseases (who had a high pretest probability of having

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children

Varley,

Champsas,

Prossor

et al. 2024

Neurology

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“…Já na MOGAD, há indícios de que a lesão da mielina seria por ação dos anticorpos que se ligam a MOG e levam a inflamação por ativação do sistema complemento e citotoxidade. Então, provavelmente a ausência de necrose tecidual nos pacientes com MOGAD deve ser responsável pela apresentação relativamente mais branda da doença (HURTUBISE et al, 2023).…”

Section: Snc-unclassified

Avaliação da função retiniana por meio do eletrorretinograma de campo total com protocolo fotópico estendido em pacientes com espectro da neuromielite óptica

Caravelas

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Systemic association of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease: A systematic review of literature

Porey,

Jaiswal

2024

Neurology & Clinical Neurosc

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Association of MOGAD with various autoimmune and paraneoplastic antibodies has been described in the literature. However, MOGAD with systemic manifestations is rarely encountered and requires a high index of suspicion for evaluation. Searching various databases, we identified 107 studies. After independently assessing the eligibility, finally, 29 studies were selected for review. A total of 1458 MOG patients were included in the study among whom systemic manifestations were present in 253 (17.3%) patients. SLE with ANA positivity was found in a total of 72 (28.4%) patients. Among them, anti‐dsDNA was positive in 10 (3.9%), anti‐smith in 3 (1.2%), anti‐SSA/SSB in 13 (5.1%), anti‐RNP in 3 (1.1%), anti‐Ro 52 in 1 (0.5%), and ENA in 1 (0.5%). APLA was positive in 10 (3.9%), ANCA in 10 (3.9%), RA in 31(12.9%) and thyroid antibody in 35 (13.8%) patients. Simultaneous CNS and PNS involvement was also seen in 21 (8.3%) patients. Systemic involvement is not an uncommon phenomenon in MOGAD and in future may add to the spectrum of the disease.

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MOG Antibody–Associated Disease and Thymic Hyperplasia

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children

Validation of the 2023 International Diagnostic Criteria for MOGAD in a Selected Cohort of Adults and Children

Avaliação da função retiniana por meio do eletrorretinograma de campo total com protocolo fotópico estendido em pacientes com espectro da neuromielite óptica

Systemic association of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease: A systematic review of literature

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