Moisture Circulation over East Asia during El Nino Episode in Northern Winter, Spring and Autumn.

Zhang, Renhe; Sumi, Akimasa

doi:10.2151/jmsj.80.213

Cited by 167 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…This result is consistent with the previous findings (e.g., Chang et al 2000;Chia and Ropelewski 2002;Zhang and Sumi 2002). The ENSO-spring rainfall relationship in Taiwan can be summarized in terms of the PSH variability as follows.…”

Section: Variability Of the Pacific Subtropical Highsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…During a strong El Niño event, the appearance of an anomalous lower-level anticyclone over the Philippine Sea and the intrusion of a weak midlatitude front system into the eastern coastal areas of China are jointly responsible for the more frequent occurrence of heavy rainfall events and more amount of rainfall in Taiwan. The anomalous Philippine Sea anticyclone (PSAC; Wang et al 2001;Wang and Zhang 2002) induces anomalous warm southwesterly flows to enhance moisture transport from the South China Sea into Taiwan and central China, leading to intensified moisture convergence and rainfall activities over there (e.g., Tian and Yasunari 1998;Chang et al 2000;Zhang and Sumi 2002). East Asia tends to be warmer in winter and wetter in spring during a strong El Niño event (e.g., Ropelewski and Halpert 1987;Tomita and Yasunari 1996;Zhang et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Chen

Shih³

2008

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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Spring rainfall in Taiwan can be either enhanced or suppressed by an El Niño event, revealing an asymmetric relationship. This observational study aims at examining this asymmetric relationship and associated large-scale dynamic processes. Analysis results disclose four major El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-spring rainfall relationship types during 1950-2003: El Niño-anomalous wet (EN-w) type, La Niña-anomalous dry (LN-d) type, El Niño-anomalous dry (EN-d) type, and La Niña-anomalous wet (LN-w) type. The EN-w and LN-d (EN-d and LN-w) types exhibit a positive (negative) correlation between the spring rainfall anomaly and the ENSO-related sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA). The overall ENSO-spring rainfall relationship is dominated by the positive correlation.The cause of the asymmetric ENSO impacts between the positive-and negative-correlation groups is attributed to a connection between ENSO and the Indian Ocean (IO) SSTA and associated large-scale atmospheric circulation. The positive-correlation types tend to concur with an evident ENSO-IO connection, featuring significant in-phase SSTA centers in the tropical eastern Pacific and eastern IO. During the El Niño (La Niña) event, these SST anomalies force a descending (ascending) branch over the western Pacific and help initiate and maintain a lower-level anticyclone (cyclone) anomaly in the Philippine Sea (southeast of Taiwan). Flows west of this anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) enhance (suppress) moisture transport from the South China Sea into Taiwan, resulting in increased (decreased) spring rainfall. For the negative-correlation types, the ENSO-IO connection tends to be weak or broken. The significant SSTA appears only in the tropical eastern Pacific, which induces a major vertical motion branch over the maritime continent. As a result, an anomalous lower-level anticyclone (cyclone) occurs over the Asian continent (west of Taiwan) during the El Niño (La Niña) event. Flows east of this anomalous anticyclone (cyclone) weaken (strengthen) moisture transport from the South China Sea into Taiwan, leading to suppressed (enhanced) spring rainfall.It is also noted that the variability of the Pacific subtropical high (PSH) over the western Pacific is closely linked to these four relationship types. The EN-d (LN-w) type concurs with a moderate westward expansion (eastward retreat) in the western-Pacific sector, while the EN-w (LN-d) type is concurrent with a southward (great eastward) displacement.

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Section: Variability Of the Pacific Subtropical Highsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Chen

Shih³

2008

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan

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“…For instance, Zhang & Sumi (2002) showed that there are positive precipitation anomalies in winter over southern areas of China during the mature phase of El Niño. The ENSO often develops into a mature phase in boreal winter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkage between the Arctic Oscillation and winter extreme precipitation over central-southern China

Mao¹,

Gong²,

Yang³

et al. 2011

Clim. Res.

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In this study, we analyzed the relationship between the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and extreme precipitation events over China during boreal winters from 1954 to 2009. The extreme precipitation events are defined as those with daily precipitation above the 80th (or 90th) percentiles. The AO shows a significantly positive correlation with the frequency of extreme precipitation events over China during January to February. Of all 287 stations in China, 238 stations have positive correlation coefficients and 82 stations are positively significant above the 95% confidence level. These stations that have significantly positive correlation are mainly located over central-southern China. The correlation between the AO and the average frequency of extreme precipitation events over central-southern China is 0.49, which is significant at the 99% confidence level. This correlation is still significant even when the El Niño/Southern Oscillation signal is excluded from the time series. In association with the AO-precipitation extreme linkage, the Middle East jet stream (MEJS) and the southern branch trough (SBT) over the Bay of Bengal covary consistently. A positive AO phase is accompanied by a stronger than normal MEJS and a deepened SBT. The deepened SBT enhances synoptic scale disturbances in vertical motions in the low to middle troposphere over central-southern China. More moisture transport by the deepened SBT and active synoptic scale disturbances in vertical motion over central-southern China would provoke more extreme precipitation events there.

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“…Previous studies indicates that tropical Pacific SST anomalies in relation to ENSO can affect winter rainfall over South China (Zhang et al, 1999;Wang et al, 2000;Zhang and Sumi, 2002;Wu et al, 2003;. Above-normal (below-normal) rainfall is (Wang et al, 2000;Wu et al, 2003).…”

Section: Removal Of Enso Impactsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Impact of East Asian winter monsoon on rainfall over southeastern China and its dynamical process

Zhou¹

2011

Intl Journal of Climatology

100

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The present study investigates the impact of the East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) on winter (January, February, and March, or JFM in short) rainfall over southeastern China (including South China and central eastern China) and its dynamical process by using station observations for the period 1951-2003 and the ERA-40 reanalysis for the period 1958-2002. It is found that there is a significant correlation between interannual variations of the EAWM and JFM rainfall over southeastern China. Analyses show that in weak EAWM years southwesterly anomalies at 700 hPa dominate over South China Sea, which transports more moisture into southeastern China, favouring rainfall increase. At the same time, the East Asian westerly jet weakens and displaces southward, contributing to the increase in ascending motion over southeastern China. The air temperature over southeastern China shows an obvious decrease at 300 hPa and increase near the surface. This enhances the convective instability and weakens the potential vorticity (PV), which explains the strengthening of ascending motion and the increase in JFM rainfall over southeastern China. In addition, the EAWM has impacts independent of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on JFM rainfall over southeastern China. Moreover, the rainfall anomalies over central eastern China are more closely related to the EAWM than that in South China.

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Moisture Circulation over East Asia during El Nino Episode in Northern Winter, Spring and Autumn.

Cited by 167 publications

References 27 publications

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Asymmetry of the El Nino-Spring Rainfall Relationship in Taiwan

Linkage between the Arctic Oscillation and winter extreme precipitation over central-southern China

Impact of East Asian winter monsoon on rainfall over southeastern China and its dynamical process

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