Moisture management properties of ski-boot liner materials

Fauland, Gulnara; Hofer, Patrick P.; Nachbauer, Werner; Bechtold, Thomas

doi:10.1177/0040517511418558

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Materials with different densities are used in the different parts of the boot, and often a sandwich of materials is used. The thermal insulation properties of ski-boot liners have been reported by Fauland et al [75]. The thermal resistance of the plain material was found to range from 0.235-0.289 m 2 K/W.…”

Section: Linersmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…The increased moisture level can also be responsible after a few days of microbial growth. The study [75] also points out that the most exposed part of the foot to frostbite is the toe part and care must be taken in order to provide a good insulation of this part. The authors have also compared different materials in order to find the textile fabric able to remove more efficiently the moisture; wool has proved to be more efficient with respect to synthetic fabrics, such as polyamide and polypropylene.…”

Section: Linersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Materials, Designs and Standards Used in Ski-Boots for Alpine Skiing

Colonna

Nicotra

Moncalero

2013

Sports

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This review article reports the recent advances in the study, design and production of ski-boots for alpine skiing. An overview of the different designs and the materials used in ski-boot construction is provided giving particular emphasis to the effect of these parameters on the final performances and on the prevention of injuries. The use of specific materials for ski-boots dedicated to different disciplines (race skiing, mogul skiing, ski-mountaineering etc.) has been correlated with the chemical and physical properties of the polymeric materials employed. A review of the scientific literature and the most interesting patents is also presented, correlating the results reported with the performances and industrial production of ski-boots. Suggestions for new studies and the use of advanced materials are also provided. A final section dedicated to the standards involved in ski-boot design completes this review article.

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Section: Linersmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Linersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Materials, Designs and Standards Used in Ski-Boots for Alpine Skiing

Colonna

Nicotra

Moncalero

2013

Sports

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“…2.4); model validation and exploitation for the evaluation of ski boot comfort and ergonomics (grey boxes; Sects. 3,4) 25 degrees, TA = 5 min) images of a Caucasian male (age: 30 years; height: 175 cm; weight: 77 kg; foot EU size: 42) were acquired in a no-load set-up. The specific person was informed about the purpose and procedures of the study, and signed an informed consent for processing the resulting models from anonymised biomedical images.…”

Section: Finite Element Model Of the Lower Limbmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors determine ski boot comfort and ergonomics, particularly liner materials and structures. Previous studies demonstrated the influence of ski boot structure on heat and moisture transfer phenomena [3,4]. Furthermore, ski boots are known to generate vasoconstrictive phenomena on the wearer's lower limbs, thus causing a "cold leg" sensation [5][6][7] and compromising ergonomics and comfort.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational methods for the investigation of ski boots ergonomics

et al. 2021

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Ski boots are known to cause vasoconstriction in the wearer’s lower limbs and, thus, cause a “cold leg” phenomenon. To address this problem, this work provides a computational framework for analysing interactions between the ski boot and the lower limb. The geometry of the lower limb was derived from magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography techniques and anthropometric data. The geometry of the ski boot shell was obtained by means of three-dimensional computer aided design models from a manufacturer. Concerning the ski boot liner, laser scanning techniques were implemented to capture the geometry of each layer. The mechanical models of the ski boot and the lower limb were identified and validated by means of coupled experimental investigations and computational analyses. The computational models were exploited to simulate the buckling process and to investigate interaction phenomena between the boot and the lower limb. Similarly, experimental activities were performed to further analyse the buckling phenomena. The obtained computational and experimental results were compared regarding both interaction pressure and displacements between the buckle and the corresponding buckle hooks. These comparisons provided reasonable agreement (mean value of discrepancy between the model and mean experimental results in the tibial region: 20%), underlining the model’s capability to correctly interpret results from experimental measurements. Results identified the critical areas of the leg, such as the tibial region, the calcaneal region of the foot and the anterior sole, which may suffer the most due to the hydrostatic pressure and compressive strain exerted on them. The results highlight that computational methods allow investigation of the interaction phenomena between the lower leg and ski boot, potentially providing an effective framework for a more comfortable and ergonomic design of ski boots.

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“…Protection of the human body within cold/hot environments requires a clothing ensemble and footwear that incorporate materials with high thermal insulation properties. 1 Effective personal protective equipment should also provide appropriate water vapor permeability (WVP), 2,3 low weight, flexibility, waterproofing, a good fit and other specific requirements related to personal protection at work, 4 including fire 5 and mechanical and chemical resistance. 6,7 Footwear and clothing used within cold environments, that is, under −5℃, 8 are complemented using thermal insulation materials, which at present include a range of different traditional natural materials like wool and fur, and modern lightweight fleece materials like Thinsulate™ (3M), Primaloft® (PrimaLoft, Inc.), Heatseeker™ (The North Face), Opti-Warm™ (Merrell), etc., made from synthetic superfine fibers or microfibers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties of laminated silica aerogel fibrous matting composites for footwear applications

Zrim

Mekjavic

Rijavec

2015

Textile Research Journal

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This paper describes a lamination method of commercially produced silica aerogel composite and investigates its suitability for thermal insulation within protective footwear applications for severe cold and extreme high-altitude environments. A silica aerogel composite was used with a thickness of 2.7 mm and mass per unit area of 500 gm–2. Silica aerogel dust, which is generated during the crushing of brittle silica aerogel, was prevented from spreading into the environment by two-sided lamination of silica aerogel composite. A solid 5 µm thick membrane was used, reinforced with an abrasive resistant polyester knitted fabric. The thermal conductivity of laminated silica aerogel composite was comparable to that of the non-laminated one and amounted to 0.016 Wm–1K–1. Water vapor permeability of the laminated silica aerogel composite was 1.31 mgcm–2h–1. The silica aerogel composite was subjected to 30,000 cycles of flexing in order to study the impact of its irreversible crushed structure on the water vapor permeability and thermal resistances of laminated samples. It was observed that flexing did not damage the membrane of the laminated composite and had no statistically significant effect on its thermal resistance and water vapor permeability. During this study it was confirmed that the newly developed laminate has potential applications within protective footwear for extreme cold temperature environments.

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Moisture management properties of ski-boot liner materials

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Materials, Designs and Standards Used in Ski-Boots for Alpine Skiing

Materials, Designs and Standards Used in Ski-Boots for Alpine Skiing

Computational methods for the investigation of ski boots ergonomics

Properties of laminated silica aerogel fibrous matting composites for footwear applications

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