Moisture transport related to the ENSO effects in the Mexican precipitation

Melgarejo, Ana E.; Ordóñez, Paulina; Nieto, Raquel; Ribera, Pedro

doi:10.3390/chycle-2017-04884

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Particles transporting moisture spread from the Yucatan Peninsula to the Caribbean Sea, extending to the tropical North Atlantic Ocean. Our results confirm that the CLLJ core south of the Greater Antilles [63,64] is an important moisture source for the BRB during boreal summer (Figure 4b), as pointed out by other previous research works [62,65]. During October, the NASH migrates north-eastward, and its western flank causes more water vapour to arrive to the BRB from the north of the Gulf of Mexico (Figure 4c).…”

Section: Water Vapor Transport Toward the Balsas River Basinsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The other two drought events developed under ENSO neutral conditions (1986,2005). It is widely accepted that dry conditions prevail in the southern part of Mexico during El Niño summers, and wetter conditions dominate during La Niña throughout the American tropical regions including southern parts of Mexico [60][61][62]. Severe and extreme drought events that occurred in the period 1980-2017 were selected for analysis in this study, corresponding to events in 1982 and 2005.…”

Section: Drought Characteristics During the Period Of 1980-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms for Severe Drought Occurrence in the Balsas River Basin (Mexico)

et al. 2021

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This work provides an assessment of the two most intense seasonal droughts that occurred over the Balsas River Basin (BRB) in the period 1980–2017. The detection of the drought events was performed using the 6 month scale standardized precipitation–evapotranspiration index (SPEI-6) and the 6 month standardized precipitation index (SPI-6) in October. Both indices were quite similar during the studied period, highlighting the larger contribution of precipitation deficits vs. temperature excess to the drought occurrence in the basin. The origin of the atmospheric water arriving to the BRB (1 May 1980–31 October 2017) was investigated by using a Lagrangian diagnosis method. The BRB receives moisture from the Caribbean Sea and the rest of the tropical Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, the eastern north Pacific and from three terrestrial evaporative sources: the region north of BRB, the south of BRB and the BRB itself. The terrestrial evaporative source of the BRB itself is by far the main moisture source. The two most intense drought events that occurred in the studied period were selected for further analysis. During the severe drought of 2005, the summertime sea surface temperature (SST) soared over the Caribbean Sea, extending eastward into a large swathe of tropical North Atlantic, which was accompanied by the record to date of hurricane activity. This heating generated a Rossby wave response with westward propagating anticyclonic/cyclonic gyres in the upper/lower troposphere. A cyclonic low-level circulation developed over the Gulf of Mexico and prevented the moisture from arriving to the BRB, with a consequent deficit in precipitation. Additionally, subsidence also prevented convection in most of the months of this drought period. During the extreme drought event of 1982, the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) remained southern and stronger than the climatological mean over the eastern tropical Pacific, producing an intense regional Hadley circulation. The descent branch of this cell inhibited the development of convection over the BRB, although the moisture sources increased their contributions; however, these were bounded to the lower levels by a strong trade wind inversion.

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Section: Water Vapor Transport Toward the Balsas River Basinsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Drought Characteristics During the Period Of 1980-2017mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms for Severe Drought Occurrence in the Balsas River Basin (Mexico)

et al. 2021

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“…Atmosphere 2020, 11, x FOR PEER REVIEW 14 of 33 between the intensity of the CLLJ and precipitation (strong jet with weak precipitation and vice versa) in Central America and southern Mexico [11]. In these cases, the El Niño results in an anomalous descent over southern Mexico that inhibits convection [174,175]. The ENSO affects the genesis, tracks, intensity, and lifetimes of TCs in the ENP and TNA, through changes in SST, vertical wind shear, and relative vorticity induced by wind anomalies in the lower troposphere and changes in uppertropospheric temperatures [176,177].…”

Section: Interannual Variabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate Perspectives in the Intra–Americas Seas

et al. 2020

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The Intra–Americas Seas region is known for its relevance to air–sea interaction processes, the contrast between large water masses and a relatively small continental area, and the occurrence of extreme events. The differing weather systems and the influence of variability at different spatio–temporal scales is a characteristic feature of the region. The impact of hydro–meteorological extreme events has played a huge importance for regional livelihood, having a mostly negative impact on socioeconomics. The frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall events and droughts are often discussed in terms of their impact on economic activities and access to water. Furthermore, future climate projections suggest that warming scenarios are likely to increase the frequency and intensity of extreme events, which poses a major threat to vulnerable communities. In a region where the economy is largely dependent on agriculture and the population is exposed to the impact of extremes, understanding the climate system is key to informed policymaking and management plans. A wealth of knowledge has been published on regional weather and climate, with a majority of studies focusing on specific components of the system. This study aims to provide an integral overview of regional weather and climate suitable for a wider community. Following the presentation of the general features of the region, a large scale is introduced outlining the main structures that affect regional climate. The most relevant climate features are briefly described, focusing on sea surface temperature, low–level circulation, and rainfall patterns. The impact of climate variability at the intra–seasonal, inter–annual, decadal, and multi–decadal scales is discussed. Climate change is considered in the regional context, based on current knowledge for natural and anthropogenic climate change. The present challenges in regional weather and climate studies have also been included in the concluding sections of this review. The overarching aim of this work is to leverage information that may be transferred efficiently to support decision–making processes and provide a solid foundation on regional weather and climate for professionals from different backgrounds.

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“…The period from April to June is the hottest, with the average monthly temperatures ranging between 18°C and 22°C; and the coldest months are from December to February, with the average monthly temperatures ranging between 11°C and 15°C (Li et al, 2020). Oscillation Index (PDO), the Pacific North American Pattern (PNA) and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) (Cavazos and Rivas 2004;Pavia et al 2006;Curtis 2008;Bravo Cabrera et al 2010;Cruz-Rico et al 2015;Melgarejo et al 2017). The AMO has a cycle of 50 to 80 years and the PDO has a cycle of 15 to 30 years (Velasco et al 2017).…”

Section: Study Area and Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of climate variability on change in storage of overexploited aquifers in a semi-arid region

Navarro Céspedes,

Hernández Anguiano,

Alcántara Concepción

et al. 2023

Theor Appl Climatol

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Arid and semi-arid regions are vulnerable to natural disturbances and particularly, to anthropogenic climate change. In these regions, water resources are scarce, and groundwater is commonly the main source of water for municipal supply, agricultural, and industrial purposes. Groundwater overexploitation is a common issue for these regions, where overextraction, climate variability and recharge are responsible for groundwater storage evolution. This study aims to find teleconnections through wavelet analysis between annual rates of change in storage, obtained from geostatistical groundwater modeling, and climate variability. Continuous wavelet transform, cross-wavelet analysis and wavelet coherence were used to analyze and characterize non-stationary patterns of variability of precipitation (PP), standardized precipitation index (SPI), minimum (Min_Temp) and maximum temperature (Max_Temp), Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI), the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), the Pacific-North American pattern (PNA), the Caribbean Index (CAR) and Groundwater Change in Storage (ΔGS) semestral time series. The results suggest significant influences of the indices on ΔGS, PP, Min_Temp and EVI. PNA manifested an important influence in short periods (2-4 years) in all aquifers, ONI showed influence mainly over long periods (8-16 years) and CAR had influence in periods of high hurricane activities. In addition, under extreme climatic conditions (El Niño or La Niña) the higher/lower water demand increase their influence on groundwater level response creating an indirect link between climate indices and ΔGS. This research can serve as a good indicator of the climate variations behavior and can provide information to understand the regional climate effects of the ENSO phenomenon in overexploited aquifers.

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Moisture transport related to the ENSO effects in the Mexican precipitation

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

Mechanisms for Severe Drought Occurrence in the Balsas River Basin (Mexico)

Mechanisms for Severe Drought Occurrence in the Balsas River Basin (Mexico)

Climate Perspectives in the Intra–Americas Seas

Influence of climate variability on change in storage of overexploited aquifers in a semi-arid region

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