Moisture-triggered physically transient electronics

Gao, Yang; Zhang, Ying; Xu, Weinan; Sim, Kyoseung; Liu, Jingshen; Chen, Ji; Feng, Xue; Xu, Hangxun; Yu, Cunjiang

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1701222

Cited by 137 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The biodegradability of the electronic system eliminates a second surgery for device retrieval and, therefore, could reduce potential risks and chronic inflammation caused by permanent devices, as well as associated hospital costs. Other potential applications include eco‐friendly devices that alleviate issues (e.g., landfill space and hazardous components) associated with electronic‐waste (e‐waste) and data‐secure hardware systems that prevent unauthorized access to personal or security information . Translation of these technologies could potentially provide vital tools that are beneficial for human healthcare and the environment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The degradation rates of biopolymers depend on their specific chemistry, molecular weight, terminal groups, etc. ; for example, partially oxidized alginate losses 70% of molecular weight within 5 d, PLGA (65:35) losses 50% of mass after ≈18 d, while polyanhydride fully degrades within 48 h in moisturized environments . Although MoO 3 is expected to dissolve quickly in aqueous solutions due to its high solubility (≈1 g L −1 ), its degradation rate is modulated by the PLGA binder and encapsulation layers.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Fully Biodegradable Battery for Self‐Powered Transient Implants

Huang

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2018

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Biodegradable transient devices represent an emerging type of electronics that could play an essential role in medical therapeutic/diagnostic processes, such as wound healing and tissue regeneration. The associated biodegradable power sources, however, remain as a major challenge toward future clinical applications, as the demonstrated electrical stimulation and sensing functions are limited by wired external power or wireless energy harvesters via near-field coupling. Here, materials' strategies and fabrication schemes that enable a high-performance fully biodegradable magnesium-molybdenum trioxide battery as an alternative approach for an in vivo on-board power supply are reported. The battery can deliver a stable high output voltage as well as prolonged lifetime that could satisfy requirements of representative implantable electronics. The battery is fully biodegradable and demonstrates desirable biocompatibility. The battery system provides a promising solution to advanced energy harvesters for self-powered transient bioresorbable implants as well as eco-friendly electronics.

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A Fully Biodegradable Battery for Self‐Powered Transient Implants

Huang

Wang

Yuan

et al. 2018

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136

181

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“…Other strategies, such as overcoats of inactive encapsulation layers, regulation of properties, and dimensions of active materials, can be exploited to control the transience time in function . Beyond dissolution control with prescribed time span in a passive manner, actively programmable and on‐demand controlled degradations are possible via optical sources, temperature, and a series of chemical reactions . Figure b presents a schematic description and transient circuit diagram of in vitro demonstration for a tunable lifetime of a dissolvable integrated circuit in response to optical stimuli using commercial light‐emitting diodes (LED) connected with Mg electrodes/interconnects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosafe, Eco‐Friendly Levan Polysaccharide toward Transient Electronics

Kwon

Lee

et al. 2018

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New options in the material context of transient electronics are essential to create or expand potential applications and to progress in the face of technological challenges. A soft, transparent, and cost-effective polymer of levan polysaccharide that is capable of complete, programmable dissolution is described when immersed in water and implanted in an animal model. The results include chemical analysis, the kinetics of hydrolysis, and adjustable dissolution rates of levan, and a simple theoretical model of reactive diffusion governed by temperature. In vivo experiments of the levan represent nontoxicity and biocompatibility without any adverse reactions. On-demand, selective control of dissolution behaviors with an animal model demonstrates an effective triggering strategy to program the system's lifetime, providing the possibility of potential applications in envisioned areas such as bioresorbable electronic implants and drug release systems.

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“…For example, Gao et al reported moisture‐triggered transient electronics that can physically disappear within controlled time frames. This transient system was based on the fact that the moisture‐triggered hydrolysis of the polyanhydride substrate employed generated corrosive organic acids, which subsequently destroyed electronic components and substrates . Our previous work illustrated a thermoresponsive transient mode by leveraging composites of thermoresponsive polymers and conductive silver nanowires (AgNWs) to form transient conductive traces, resistors, and parallel plate capacitors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive Transient Radio Frequency Antennas: Toward Triggered Wireless Transient Circuits

Zhang

Weber

Bellan

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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While implantable medical devices offer tremendous potential for treating a myriad of diseases and disorders, there are many situations in which such devices are only needed for short time periods, with extended presence or surgical removal leading to a host of undesired complications. To address this concern, researchers are working to develop implantable circuitry that eventually disintegrates. Prior work in this area leveraged known bioresorbable materials, but the lifetime of circuits formed from such materials is determined upon fabrication, and on‐demand, triggered disintegration is not possible. To better match the lifetime of an implanted device to the status of the condition it is monitoring or treating, it would be advantageous to be able to noninvasively trigger disintegration at a particular time, avoiding situations in which the device lifetime is either too short or too long. Thus, to enable implantable circuitry with wireless capabilities that can disintegrate upon external stimuli, thermoresponsive transient RF antennas are formed that exhibit stable wireless response in warm aqueous environments but disintegrate and irreversibly lose functionality when cooled below a critical temperature. Antennas are formed by embedding patterned networks of silver nanowires in a thermoresponsive polymeric binder, which maintains network conductivity in warm solution but disintegrates and releases the nanowires when solution temperature drops. Mild sintering enhances electrical properties of the conductive nanowire network and antenna response while maintaining the capability for disintegration. To reduce the undesired effects of swelling, devices are sandwiched between two parylene films. These thermoresponsive transient devices represent an important step toward the realization of wireless medical implants whose disintegration can be triggered at any time by an external cooling stimulus.

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Moisture-triggered physically transient electronics

Abstract: We present a type of electronics that can be dissolved upon the presence of moisture within a controllable time scale.

Cited by 137 publications

References 32 publications

A Fully Biodegradable Battery for Self‐Powered Transient Implants

A Fully Biodegradable Battery for Self‐Powered Transient Implants

Biosafe, Eco‐Friendly Levan Polysaccharide toward Transient Electronics

Thermoresponsive Transient Radio Frequency Antennas: Toward Triggered Wireless Transient Circuits

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