Mold‐deteriorated archaeological Egyptian papyri: Biodeteriogens, monitoring the deterioration, and treatment approach

This review explains the strategies behind genomics, proteomics, metabolomics, metallomics and isotopolomics approaches and their applicability to written artefacts. The respective sub-chapters give an insight into the analytical procedure and the conclusions drawn from such analyses. A distinction is made between information that can be obtained from the materials used in the respective manuscript and meta-information that cannot be obtained from the manuscript itself, but from residues of organisms such as bacteria or the authors and readers. In addition, various sampling techniques are discussed in particular, which pose a special challenge in manuscripts. The focus is on high-resolution, non-targeted strategies that can be used to extract the maximum amount of information about ancient objects. The combination of the various omics disciplines (panomics) especially offers potential added value in terms of the best possible interpretations of the data received. The information obtained can be used to understand the production of ancient artefacts, to gain impressions of former living conditions, to prove their authenticity, to assess whether there is a toxic hazard in handling the manuscripts, and to be able to determine appropriate measures for their conservation and restoration.

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“…The authors describe this study as the first of its kind and show how little is actually known in this context. [ 154 ].…”

Section: Paleogenomics and Metagenomics Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artefact Profiling: Panomics Approaches for Understanding the Materiality of Written Artefacts

Creydt

Fischer

2023

Molecules

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A safely green treatment of bio-deteriorated painted archaeological papyri by Wasabi

Saada,

Othman,

Attia

et al. 2024

Journal of Archaeological Science

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Investigation on the Moisture Absorption Behaviors of Palm Leaves (Corypha umbraculifera) and Their Variation Mechanism

Zhu,

Jia,

et al. 2024

Langmuir

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Palm leaves serve as a traditional recording medium and are widespread in south and southeast Asia, and they have a long history. However, they are sensitive to environmental fluctuations, especially moisture, which may severely affect their conservation status. In this research, the moisture absorption behaviors of palm leaves in different states, including raw, treated, naturally aged, and artificially aged ones, were investigated by intelligent gravimetric analysis (IGA) and water retention value (WRV) to analyze their moisture absorption characteristics. Mathematical model was employed to fit and analyze their water adsorption curves, aiming to explore the content and distribution of the adsorbed water in monolayered and multilayered. Then, the chemical and physical properties of different palm leaves were studied by chemical composition analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (low-field NMR), and the relationship between moisture absorption characteristics and their chemical composition and physical structures was analyzed. The results demonstrated that both treatment and aging processes could have a noticeable impact on the moisture absorption of palm leaves, as evidenced by reduced equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at high relative humidity (RH), decreased multilayer water adsorption content, and slightly increased monolayer water adsorption content. Besides, palm leaves exhibit a lower rate of moisture adsorption, at ∼30−50% RH, which facilitates their long-term conservation. The results of chemical and physical analyses revealed that the reduced content of hydrophilic groups was the primary reason for a decrease in palm leaves moisture absorption. Additionally, the fiber structure changes of palm leaves caused by treatment or aging may have different influences on their moisture adsorption, especially the content of monolayer adsorbed water.

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Mold‐deteriorated archaeological Egyptian papyri: Biodeteriogens, monitoring the deterioration, and treatment approach

Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

Artefact Profiling: Panomics Approaches for Understanding the Materiality of Written Artefacts

Artefact Profiling: Panomics Approaches for Understanding the Materiality of Written Artefacts

A safely green treatment of bio-deteriorated painted archaeological papyri by Wasabi

Investigation on the Moisture Absorption Behaviors of Palm Leaves (Corypha umbraculifera) and Their Variation Mechanism

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