Molded porous poly (L-lactide) membranes for guided bone regeneration with enhanced effects by controlled growth factor release

Abstract

The aim of this study was to develop platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) loaded moldable porous poly (L-lactide) (PLLA)-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) membranes for guided bone regeneration (GBR) therapy. The membranes were designed to fit various types of bone defect sites. PDGF-BB-dissolved PLLA-TCP in methylene chloride-ethyl acetate solution was cast on a dome shaped metallic mold to fabricate a model membrane. The release rate of PDGF-BB, the osteoblast attachment test, and guided bone regeneration potential were evaluated with PDGF-BB-loaded PLLA-TCP membranes. Regular pores were generated throughout the membrane mainly due to phase inversion of PLLA-methylene chloride-ethyl acetate solution. A therapeutic amount of PDGF-BB was released from the membrane. The release rate could be controlled by varying the initial loading content of PDGF-BB. A significant amount of cells attached onto the PDGF-BB-loaded membrane rather than onto the unloaded membrane. Dome shaped bone formation was achieved in rabbit calvaria at 4 weeks. This indicated that restoration of bone defects to the bone's original shape can be made possible by using molded membranes, which guide bone regeneration along with providing sufficient spaces. Bone forming efficiency was increased remarkably due to PDGF-BB release from PLLA-TCP membranes. These results suggested that the PDGF-BB releasing molded PLLA-TCP membrane may potentially improve GBR efficiency in various types of bone defects.

Tissue engineered bone using select growth factors: A comprehensive review of animal studies and clinical translation studies in man

“…However, selection according to the task at hand, whereby combination treatment with FGF-2 may be required to induce void filling callus formation and osteoid production prior to combination treatment with BMP-2 for mineralisation. A staged approach may be necessary for efficient and effective bone healing requiring multiple growth factors delivered spatiotemporally in (Lee et al, 2001b) and rat (Kaipel et al, 2012) for bone tissue engineering strategies (Supplementary Table 4). …”

Effect of a chitosan sponge impregnated with platelet-derived growth factor on bone augmentation beyond the skeletal envelope in rat calvaria

“…The effects of PDGF have been studied in animal models of cranial and alveolar-ridge defects (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19). However, these studies yielded conflicting results regarding promotion of new bone formation.…”

Effects of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor on Enhanced Bone Augmentation beyond the Skeletal Envelope within a Plastic Cap in the Rat Calvarium

“…There are some animal studies on the effects of PDGF in cranial and alveolar ridge defect models [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] . However, the results conflicted in terms of whether new bone formation was promoted.…”