Molecular adaptations of apoptotic pathways and signaling partners in the cerebral cortex of human cocaine addicts and cocaine-treated rats

Role of Mitochondria on the Neurological Effects of Cocaine

“…In addition, apoptotic hallmarks detected in the brains of human cocaine abusers seem to be a consequence of oxidative stress and nuclear AIF translocation (Alvaro-Bartolome et al, 2011).…”

Role of Multifunctional FADD (Fas-Associated Death Domain) Adaptor in Drug Addiction

“…Cocaine withdrawal (1-7 days) was associated with a transient reduction in cortical FADD, which was significant 3 days after discontinuation of the chronic treatment (Fig. 9C) Álvaro-Bartolomé et al, 2011). It is worth noting that there was a positive correlation between FADD protein and the levels of FADD mRNA in rat brain cortex (r=0.43; n=29; p<0.05, see García-Fuster et al, 2009).…”

“…9A) Álvaro-Bartolomé et al, 2011). In contrast to opiate and cannabinoid drugs, cortical FADD and p-FADD do not correlate after acute cocaine (Fig.…”

“…Moreover, acute cocaine, but not the chronic/abstinence treatments, stimulated Akt1 in rat brain cortex. Neither treatment with cocaine (acute, chronic, and abstinence) altered the basal stimulation of anti-apoptotic PEA-15 and pro-apoptotic JNK1/2 signaling (Álvaro-Bartolomé et al, 2011). It is unlikely that cocaine-induced up-regulation of pro-apoptotic FADD in rat brain (Fig.…”

“…Besides the role of FADD in the cascades of apoptotic signaling in drug addiction (García-Fuster et al, 2007a, 2008bRamos-Miguel et al, 2009;Álvaro-Bartolomé et al, 2011), several pathways have been postulated to link FADD with some forms of behavioral plasticity induced by drugs of abuse, especially heroin/morphine (Ramos-Miguel et al, 2009, 2011 and cocaine , 2011Álvaro-Bartolomé et al, 2011) (Fig. 3).…”