Molecular and biochemical characterisation of a dual proteolytic system in vine weevil larvae (Otiorhynchus sulcatus Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Molecular Identification of Cysteine and Trypsin Protease, Effect of Different Hosts on Protease Expression, and Rnai Mediated Silencing of Cysteine Protease Gene in the Sunn Pest

“…Since proteases play important roles in a wide range of physiological processes include diet digestion, it is important to study proteases to use them in insect integrated pest management. Majority of proteases are transcribed during larval feeding belong to the serine (chymotrypsins, trypsins, and serine carboxypeptidases) and cysteine (cathespsins B and L) protease families (Edwards et al., ; Ben‐Mahmoud et al., ).…”

Cloning and characterization of a basic cysteine-like protease (cathepsin L1) expressed in the gut of larval Diaprepes abbreviatus L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

“…Since proteases play an important role in larval and adult food digestion, it is important to characterize these proteases in order to be able to effectively control them in future crop protection strategies. Numerous proteases are transcribed during larval feeding stages and the majority of these proteases belong to the serine (chymotrypsins, trypsins and serine carboxypeptidases) and cysteine (cathespsins B and L) protease families ( Table 2) that are common in Coleoptera (Thie and Houseman, 1990;Hernández et al, 2003;Edwards et al, 2010). Of the cysteine proteases, cathepsin L1 (Da-CTSL1) is encoded by the most abundant transcript that comprises 64% of the total cathepsin transcripts considering the fact that 24 different members of this gene superfamily were identified, and, therefore, Da-CTSL1 is probably important in food digestion in the gut of 5 week old larvae (Fig.…”

“…The pro-region is essential for the proper folding and for inhibiting proteolytic activity until it is cleaved in the gut's lumen by autocatalysis generating a mature active protein. D. abbreviatus midgut is partitioned into anterior and posterior regions, similar to the aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Deraison et al, 2004), and the weevil Otiorhynchus sulcatus Fabricius (Edwards et al, 2010). Although no direct pH measurements have been done to show the pH of these regions, in the water weevil Lissorhoptrus brevirostris, chymotrypsin like activity in the gut was the highest in the middle gut and posterior gut sections strongly indicating that in these sections the pH is basic, a requirement for chymotrypsin activity (Hernández et al, 2003).…”

IDENTIFICATION AND PARTIAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PROTEASES IN LARVAL PREPARATIONS OF THE CEREAL LEAF BEETLE (Oulema melanopus, CHRYSOMELIDAE, COLEOPTERA)

“…Adults and larvae cause cereal leaf damage, leading to losses in crop yield quantity and quality (Kostov, ). Protease inhibitors (PIs) can disrupt proteolytic activity and subsequently retard larval growth and development in some insect species, including Coleoptera (Macedo and Freire, ). Reports on digestive proteases in a wide range of insect taxa show the diversity in predominant gut enzymes.…”

“…Ubiquitous distribution of serine PIs throughout the plant kingdom (Jamal et al., ) probably results from insect, including a wide range of lepidopteran larvae, reliance on diverse serine proteases (reviewed in Terra et al., ; Srinivasan et al., ). On the other hand, some species of Curculionidae and Tenebrionidae use other digestive proteases, including cysteine and serine proteases (Oppert et al., ; Edwards et al., ; Cristofoletti et al., ). The Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata , uses cysteine and aspartyl proteases (Thie and Houseman, ; Michaud et al., ).…”