Reaction of dichlorosilanes with diols in the presence of
Et3N in toluene solution gave the monocyclic
silanes
S[(t-Bu)2C6H2O]2Si(Ph)Me
(1),
S[(t-Bu)2C6H2O]2SiPh2
(2),
S[t-BuMeC6H2O]2Si(Ph)CHCH2
(3), and
S[Me2C6H2O]2SiPh2 (4). X-ray structural analysis
revealed that the silanes 1−3 exhibited varying
degrees of sulfur−silicon
donor coordination, giving geometries intermediate between a
tetrahedron and a trigonal bipyramid. The eight-membered ring, common to 1−3, which contained
the sulfur atom as a bridge between two aryl groups,
resided
in a syn or boatlike conformation. For the cyclic
silane 4 having the same type of ring composition,
X-ray
analysis showed no sulfur−silicon interaction, and the ring in this
case was in an anti or chairlike conformation.
Similar to that observed with pentaoxyphosphoranes possessing the
same type of sulfur-containing eight-membered
ring, sulfur donor ability increased with an increase in alkyl
substitution on the ring aryl components (t-Bu
>
Me). Sulfur coordination in the phosphorus compounds gave
geometries along a coordinate from square pyramidal
to octahedral. Retention of the solid state structures in solution
is indicated by comparison of 29Si NMR data
on
1−4 with solution state and solid state
29Si NMR data on related silanes. The ability of
the sulfur atom of
reduced electronegativity to promote silanes to a higher coordinate
state shows that hypervalency is readily accessible
for silicon. Silane 1 crystallizes in the monoclinic
space group P21/n with a
= 10.133(3) Å, b = 20.839(4) Å,
c = 16.181(3) Å, β = 99.47(2)°, and
Z = 4. Silane 2 crystallizes in the
monoclinic space group Cc with a =
10.006(2) Å, b = 42.478(6) Å, c =
17.917(4) Å, β = 99.25(1)°, and Z = 8.
Silane 3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic
space group Pna21 with a =
20.735(2) Å, b = 12.724(1) Å, c =
10.387(1) Å, and Z = 4. Silane 4
crystallizes
in the monoclinic space group P21/c
with a = 10.786(2) Å, b =
26.053(7) Å, c = 8.876(1) Å, β =
100.57(1)°,
and Z = 4. The final conventional unweighted
residuals are 0.059 (1), 0.035 (2), 0.027
(3), and 0.050 (4).