Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Villamizar, Ximena; Higuera, Adriana; Herrera, Giovanny; Vásquez-A, Luis Reinel; Buitron, Lorena; Muñoz, Lina Maria; Gonzalez-C, Fabiola E.; López, Myriam Consuelo; Giraldo, Julio Cesar; Ramírez, Juan David

doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3810-0

Cited by 70 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…In North Cyprus, the prevalence of Blastocystis was found to be 10.5%, 10.5%, and 27.8% in humans by direct microscopy, trichrome method, and PCR, respectively [35]. In another study conducted in school-aged children (age 12-54 months) in Colombia, the prevalence of Blastocystis was 25.19% by microscopy and 39.22% by qPCR [42]. In addition, poor hygiene habits possibly increase the opportunity of Blastocystis carriage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in ethnic minority groups on both sides of the China–Myanmar border, and assessment of risk factors

Gong¹,

Liu²,

Wu³

et al. 2019

Parasite

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Blastocystis is one of the most common intestinal parasites in humans worldwide. To understand its prevalence and to explore the risk factors for Blastocystis in humans in developing countries, a molecular epidemiological investigation of Blastocystis was conducted in ethnic minority groups on both sides of the China–Myanmar border. A total of 461 fecal specimens were collected from 289 Yao people in China and 172 Wa people in Myanmar, together with a questionnaire for each participant. Based on sequence analysis of the partial small subunit of ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene (barcode region or 260 bp region), an average prevalence of 6.29% (29/461) was observed, with 4.50% (13/289) in Yao people and 9.30% (16/172) in Wa people. Twenty-two Blastocystis isolates were successfully subtyped by sequence analysis of the barcode region. Three subtypes were identified: ST1 (n = 7), ST3 (n = 13) and ST4 (n = 2). A statistical difference in the prevalence of Blastocystis was only observed between children (12.37%, 12/97) and adults (4.95%, 16/323), and between not washing hands (11.02%, 14/127) and washing hands (4.76%, 15/315) after using toilets, emphasizing the importance and necessity of health education in people in the investigated areas, especially in children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in ethnic minority groups on both sides of the China–Myanmar border, and assessment of risk factors

Gong¹,

Liu²,

Wu³

et al. 2019

Parasite

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“…The Pacific region contains four departments, one of these is the Cauca department, where 258 samples were collected from inhabitants of commune 8 in the city of Popayán. These samples were collected within the study of Villamizar and colleagues (Villamizar et al, 2019), and are, in turn, part of the current study.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The average age was 5 years (standard deviation: 6 years; range: 1-70 years). Microscopy is the gold standard used in Colombia to detect intestinal parasites, then most of the samples were evaluated by this diagnostic scheme following the protocol by Villamizar and collaborators (Villamizar et al, 2019), except for samples from Casanare, Bolívar and Córdoba, which could be only tested by PCR, since the entire sample portion was preserved in ethanol 100%. The individuals included in the study lived in both rural and urban areas of different municipalities/cities.…”

Section: Study Populationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection and genotyping of intestinal protozoa from different biogeographical regions of Colombia

Higuera

Villamizar

Herrera

et al. 2020

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Background: Intestinal parasitic protozoa represent a serious problem of public health particularly in developing countries. Protozoa such as Blastocystis, Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium spp. are associated with diarrheal symptoms. In Colombia, there is little region-specific data on the frequency and circulating genotypes/species of these microorganisms. Therefore, the main objective of our study was to employ molecular detection and genotyping of G. intestinalis and Blastocystis, Cryptosporidium and Entamoeba spp. in samples from different biogeographical regions of Colombia. Methods: We collected 649 human fecal samples from five biogeographical regions of Colombia: the Amazon, Andean, Caribbean, Orinoco and Pacific regions. Blastocystis, G. intestinalis, Cryptosporidium spp. and Entamoeba complex were detected by microscopy and conventional PCR. Molecular genotyping was conducted to identify Blastocystis subtypes (STs) (18s), G. intestinalis assemblages (triose phosphate isomerase and glutamate dehydrogenase) and Cryptosporidium species (18s). Genetic diversity indices were determined using dnasp.5. Results: We detected G. intestinalis in 45.4% (n = 280) of samples, Blastocystis in 54.5% (n = 336) of samples, Cryptosporidium spp. in 7.3% (n = 45) of samples, Entamoeba dispar in 1.5% (n = 9) of samples, and Entamoeba moshkovskii in 0.32% (n = 2) of samples. Blastocystis STs 1-4, 8 and 9 and G. intestinalis assemblages AII, BIII, BIV, D and G were identified. The following Cryptosporidium species were identified: C. hominis, C. parvum, C. bovis, C. andersoni, C. muris, C. ubiquitum and C. felis. The Caribbean region had the highest frequency for each of the microorganisms evaluated (91.9% for G. duodenalis, 97.3% for Blastocystis, 10.8% for Cryptosporidium spp., 13.5% for E. dispar and 2.7% for E. moshkovskii). The Orinoco region had a high frequency of Blastocystis (97.2%) and the Andean region had a high frequency of G. intestinalis (69.4%). High and active transmission was apparent in several regions of the country, implying that mechanisms for prevention and control of intestinal parasitosis in different parts of the country must be improved. . 2014. Blastocystis sp. frequency and sources among children from 0 to 5 years of age attending public day care centers in Calarca. A novel, multi-parallel, real-time polymerase chain reaction approach for eight gastrointestinal parasites provides improved diagnostic capabilities to resource-limited at-risk populations.

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“…Regarding the presence of Endolimax nana and Iodamoeba buetschlii , its importance is minor, although they are indicators of bad hygiene habits and fecal contamination of food [ 28 ]. In Colombia, frequencies of Giardiasis have been reported ranging from 0,1–62% and Cryptosporidiosis between 0,1–72%, varying between diagnostic methods, population type and immune status of individuals [ 29 , 30 ]. Interestingly, children from urban areas of Cauca Colombia were reported with a prevalence of Blastocystis (39,22%), G .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and associated risk factors of Intestinal parasites in rural high-mountain communities of the Valle del Cauca—Colombia

et al. 2020

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The aim of this study was to measure the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites (GI) in domestic animals and children in high mountain populations in the districts of Combia and Toche, Valle del Cauca–Colombia. These communities have been affected by the armed conflict in Colombia and are susceptible to health risk factors related to the Colombian post-conflict. Prevalence and risk factors were measured using Bayesian methods on 45 structured interviews applied to 29 families in Combia and 16 in Toche. This inquire aimed to analyze the socio-economic and demographic factors associated with the presence of parasites. This interview was conducted with 50 children: 40 (80%) from Rita Sabogal school district of Toche, and 10 (20%) from Tablones—Atanasio Girardot schools. 23 faecal samples from asymtomatic children from these schools were collected. Subsequently, 308 animals were characterized through the analysis of 64 faecal samples from asymptomatic individuals (20,8%); 18/41 from dogs (43,9%), 18/175 from poultry (10,3%), 7/13 from cats 56,84%, 6/20 from equines (30%) and from 15/59 cattle (25,43%). The prevalence of intestinal parasites among children under six years was 60% [95% PI = 41%-78%]; Endolimax nana , 24% [95% PI = 9,8%-42%]; Iodamoeba buetschlii , 16% [95% PI = 4,7%-32%]; Entamoeba coli , 35% [95% PI = 18%-55%]; Giardia lamblia , 12% [95% PI = 2,7%-27%]. In Equids the presence of Strongylus spp was 37% [95% PI = 10%-71%]; Parascaris equorum , 37% [95% PI = 10%-71%]; in dogs, Dipylidium caninum was 20% [95% PI = 6%-39%]; Trichuris trichiura , 9% [95% PI = 1,3%-26%]; Toxocara canis , 25% [95% PI = 9%-46%]; in cats, Toxocara cati had a prevalence of 44% [95% PI = 16%-75%]; cyst of Eimeria spp, 15% [95% PI = 3,4%-33%]; in poultry and Eimeria zuernii in cattle, 50% [95% PI = 23%-77%]. There was no association with exposure of humans to animal parasites. However, we conclude that female and children under 6 years of age are more likely OR (6,72–2,3) to get parasites.

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Molecular and descriptive epidemiology of intestinal protozoan parasites of children and their pets in Cauca, Colombia: a cross-sectional study

Cited by 70 publications

References 57 publications

Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in ethnic minority groups on both sides of the China–Myanmar border, and assessment of risk factors

Prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis in ethnic minority groups on both sides of the China–Myanmar border, and assessment of risk factors

Molecular detection and genotyping of intestinal protozoa from different biogeographical regions of Colombia

Prevalence and associated risk factors of Intestinal parasites in rural high-mountain communities of the Valle del Cauca—Colombia

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