Molecular and ecological perspectives of nitrous oxide producing microbial communities in agro-ecosystems

Kumar, Amit; Medhi, Kristina; Fagodiya, Ram Kishor; Subrahmanyam, Gangavarapu; Mondal, Raju; Raja, P.; Malyan, Sandeep K.; Gupta, Dipak Kumar; Gupta, Chandan Kumar; Pathak, Himanshu

doi:10.1007/s11157-020-09554-w

Cited by 52 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 174 publications

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“…Nitrification is a key biological transformation process in which ammonium is oxidized to nitrate (Lee et al, 2009; Ranjan & Yadav, 2019; Kumar, Medhi, et al, 2020). In this process, under the aerobic condition, the concentration of ammonium is oxidized to form nitrite (NO 2 − ), which is followed by the oxidation of nitrite to nitrate (NO 3 − ) in the wetland treatment systems (Astrid A.…”

Section: Classification Of Cwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic understanding of the pollutant removal and transformation processes in the constructed wetland system

Malyan

Yadav

Sonkar

et al. 2021

Water Environment Research

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Constructed wetland systems (CWs) are biologically and physically engineered systems to mimic the natural wetlands which can potentially treat the wastewater from the various point and nonpoint sources of pollution. The present study aims to review the various mechanisms involved in the different types of CWs for wastewater treatment and to elucidate their role in the effective functioning of the CWs. Several physical, chemical, and biological processes substantially influence the pollutant removal efficiency of CWs. Plants species Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, and Typha angustifolia are most widely used in CWs. The rate of nitrogen (N) removal is significantly affected by emergent vegetation cover and type of CWs. Hybrid CWs (HCWS) removal efficiency for nutrients, metals, pesticides, and other pollutants is higher than a single constructed wetland. The contaminant removal efficiency of the vertical subsurface flow constructed wetlands (VSSFCW) commonly used for the treatment of domestic and municipal wastewater ranges between 31% and 99%. Biochar/zeolite addition as substrate material further enhances the wastewater treatment of CWs. Innovative components (substrate materials, plant species) and factors (design parameters, climatic conditions) sustaining the long‐term sink of the pollutants, such as nutrients and heavy metals in the CWs should be further investigated in the future. Practitioner points Constructed wetland systems (CWs) are efficient natural treatment system for on‐site contaminants removal from wastewater. Denitrification, nitrification, microbial and plant uptake, sedimentation and adsorption are crucial pollutant removal mechanisms. Phragmites australis, Typha latifolia, and Typha angustifolia are widely used emergent plants in constructed wetlands. Hydraulic retention time (HRT), water flow regimes, substrate, plant, and microbial biomass substantially affect CWs treatment performance.

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Section: Classification Of Cwsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic understanding of the pollutant removal and transformation processes in the constructed wetland system

Malyan

Yadav

Sonkar

et al. 2021

Water Environment Research

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“…The increase in N 2 O emissions was mainly due to the hydrolysis of inorganic substances in sheep excrement and the mineralization of organic compounds into ammonia nitrogen, which produced N 2 O under nitrification and denitrification [44]. The anaerobic environment in the soil provided favorable conditions for denitrification, and the nitrogen in sheep excrement provided sufficient substrate for denitrification [27,45,46]. Studies have shown that fecal and urine spots emit N 2 O into the atmosphere, with nitrogen accounting for 3.2% and 3.8% of the total nitrogen in excrement, respectively [47][48][49].…”

Section: Effects Of Multi-cutting and Sheep Excrement On Ghg Emissionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sheep Excrement Increases Mass of Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soil Growing Two Forage Crop and Multi-Cutting Reduces Intensity

et al. 2021

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To explore the effects of multi-cutting and sheep excrement on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from grassland ecosystems which simulate grazing livestock to a certain extent, spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var. Yongliang 15) and common vetch (Vicia sativa L., var. Lanjian 3) were planted in pot experiments in an inland arid region in 2019. Four treatments were conducted with eight replicates: plants without sheep excrement and cutting (CK), plants with multi-cutting (MC), plants with sheep excrement (SE), and plants with multi-cutting and sheep excrement (CE). The results showed that the carbon dioxide (CO2) emission of common vetch with CE significantly was higher than that with MC at the earlier and later branching stages (p < 0.05). That of spring wheat with CE was significantly higher than that with MC at the later tillering stage (p < 0.05). Nitrogen oxide (N2O) emissions of the two forage crops with SE rose significantly more than those with MC at both stages (p < 0.05). Methane (CH4) of both forage crops with SE changed from absorption to emission (p < 0.05). Soil NO3−-N content of both forages significantly increased with SE compared with MC (p < 0.05), while soil NH4+-N content did not change significantly. Sheep excrement changed the CH4 sink into a CH4 source of the soil growing the two forage crops and increased the emissions of CO2 and N2O, whereas multi-cutting significantly reduced the GHG intensity of forage crops mostly by promoting the growth of the two forage crops. Future studies are suggested to identify the spatiotemporal effects of cutting and sheep excrement on GHG emissions to improve the prediction of future climate impacts from grazing activities.

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“…In India, fertilizer recommendation is based on response of a crop over a broad geographical area which could not concede the spatial variation in soil nutrient supplying ability (Majumdar et al, 2013). It is a well known fact that aeration, soil temperature, soil moisture, organic carbon (OC) supplies, fertilization, pH, and other environmental factors like production and transport influence N 2 O and CO 2 emission in soil (Kumar and Sharma, 2017a;Kumar et al, 2020a;Fagodiya et al, 2020a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emission in Maize-Wheat Cropping System Under Varied N Fertilizer Application Using Cool Farm Tool

Kumar

Karmakar

Minz

et al. 2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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In recent decades, climate change induced by enhanced global warming is one of the biggest challenges at the global level. Agriculture sectors significantly contribute to total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission to the atmosphere. Wheat and maize, cultivated globally, and consumed in different forms, are considered as crucial staple cereal for ensuring food security to global population. The management practices involving land preparation, sowing, fertilizer application, irrigation, pest management, etc. significantly influence the emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) from agricultural soil. In this study, CO2 and N2O emission were assessed from maize and wheat crops at four different levels of N fertilizer using cool farm tool model. Emissions of CO2 per hectare varied from 331.4 to 1,088.3 kgCO2 in maize and ranged from 292.3 to 765.3 kgCO2 in wheat on application of different doses of N. The total GHG emission in maize crops ranged from 859.5 to 3,003.4 kgCO2 eq per hectare with the application of nitrogen at varying levels (0–240 kg N per hectare). The highest N2O efflux (0.368 kg per ton) was observed at 240 kg N per hectare under wheat crop. The total on-farm emissions, through fertilizer production, account for about 33.7%, and emission of N2O contributes only 65.9%, whereas pesticides account merely 0.4% under maize-wheat cropping. This study confirms that the direct emission of N2O was totally dependent on N fertilizers application rate; however, the indirect emission was controlled by the fuels and energy consumption.

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Molecular and ecological perspectives of nitrous oxide producing microbial communities in agro-ecosystems

Cited by 52 publications

References 174 publications

Mechanistic understanding of the pollutant removal and transformation processes in the constructed wetland system

Mechanistic understanding of the pollutant removal and transformation processes in the constructed wetland system

Sheep Excrement Increases Mass of Greenhouse Gases Emissions from Soil Growing Two Forage Crop and Multi-Cutting Reduces Intensity

Assessment of Greenhouse Gases Emission in Maize-Wheat Cropping System Under Varied N Fertilizer Application Using Cool Farm Tool

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