Molecular and Functional Characterization of Hv1 Proton Channel in Human Granulocytes

Abstract

Voltage-gated proton current (IHv) has been characterized in several cell types, but the majority of the data was collected in phagocytes, especially in human granulocytes. The prevailing view about the role of IHv in phagocytes is that it is an essential supporter of the intense and sustained activity of Nox2 (the core enzyme of the phagocyte NADPH oxidase complex) during respiratory burst. Recently Hv1, a voltage-gated proton channel, was cloned, and leukocytes from Hv1 knockout mice display impaired respiratory burst. On the other hand, hardly anything is known about Hv1 in human granulocytes. Using qPCR and a self made antibody, we detected a significant amount of Hv1 in human eosinophil and neutrophil granulocytes and in PLB-985 leukemia cells. Using different crosslinking agents and detergents in reducing and non-reducing PAGE, significant expression of Hv1 homodimers, but not that of higher-order multimers, could be detected in granulocytes. Results of subcellular fractionation and confocal imaging indicate that Hv1 is resident in both plasmalemmal and granular membrane compartments of resting neutrophils. Furthermore, it is also demonstrated that Hv1 accumulates in phagosome wall during zymosan engulfment together with, but independently of Nox2. During granulocytic differentiation early and parallel upregulation of Hv1 and Nox2 expression was observed in PLB-985 cells. The upregulation of Hv1 or Nox2 expression did not require the normal expression of the other molecule. Using RNA interference, we obtained strong correlation between Hv1 expression and IHv density in PLB-985 cells. It is also demonstrated that a massive reduction in Hv1 expression can limit the Nox2 mediated superoxide production of PLB-985 granulocytes. In summary, beside monomers native Hv1 forms stable proton channel dimer in resting and activated human granulocytes. The expression pattern of Hv1 in granulocytes is optimized to support intense NADPH oxidase activity.

Complement MASP-1 enhances adhesion between endothelial cells and neutrophils by up-regulating E‐selectin expression

“…HUVECs from different donors exhibit significant heterogeneity [47]. To reduce further variances in our experiments, we used a DMSO-differentiated PLB-985 cell line -devoid of the heterogeneity of primary cells, which is a well-known and suitable cellular model to study the functional responses of neutrophils [31,48]. Furthermore, dPLB-985 could bind to E-selectin, whereas nondifferentiated PLB-985 could not, and this supports that it could be a suitable model for the assessment of adhesion.…”

Voltage-gated proton channel in a dinoflagellate

“…The channel opens with depolarization and activates more rapidly at more positive voltages. In three other species-human, mouse, and C. intestinalis-H V 1 seems to exist as a dimer, in which each monomer contains its own conduction pathway (44,(46)(47)(48). The dimer is held together mainly by coiled-coil interactions in the C terminus (44,46,(48)(49)(50).…”

SNAP23-Dependent Surface Translocation of Leukotriene B 4 (LTB 4 ) Receptor 1 Is Essential for NOX2-Mediated Exocytotic Degranulation in Human Mast Cells Induced by Trichomonas vaginalis-Secreted LTB 4

“…We demonstrated the relationship between the high-affinity LTB 4 receptor, BLT1, and NOX2 in LTB 4 -stimulated eosinophils (34). Although NOX2 generates ROS and NOX2-derived ROS are generally coupled to exocytotic degranulation in human eosinophils stimulated with LTB 4 (64,65), information regarding the functional role of NOX2 in regulating BLT1-mediated exocytotic degranulation in TvSP-stimulated mast cells remains elusive. In this study, we found that TvSP induced phosphorylation of p47 phox and ROS generation in HMC-1 cells (Fig.…”