Molecular aspects in pathogen-fruit interactions: Virulence and resistance

Tian, Shiping; Torres, R.; Ballester, Ana-Rosa; Li, Boqiang; Vilanova, Laura; González-Candelas, Luı́s

doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2016.04.018

Cited by 156 publications

(104 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…In this context, much effort has been directed to obtaining pectinase-deficient mutants. Obtaining gene knockout mutants is considered the most direct way to confirm the involvement of a gene (Tian et al, 2016). However, there are many cases in which the absence of one gene is counteracted by another member, especially in multigene families, such as those of CWDEs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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The secretion of cell wall‐degrading enzymes is one of the mechanisms used by necrotrophic fungi to colonize host tissues. However, information about virulence factors of Monilinia spp., the causal agents of brown rot in stone fruit, is scarce. Plant cell walls have three main components that are broken down by fungal enzymes: cellulose, hemicellulose and pectin. In order to identify Monilinia laxa candidate proteins involved in pectin hydrolysis, two in vitro approaches were conducted: (i) phenotypic and ecophysiological characterization of growth of the pathogen at different pHs, in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing solid media for 7 days' incubation; and (ii) expression analysis of genes encoding M. laxa pectin methyl esterases (MlPMEs) and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases (MlRG‐HYDs) after incubation for 0.5, 2, 6, 24 and 48 h in glucose‐ and pectin‐containing liquid media. Phenotypic tests showed the role of carbon source on M. laxa growth rate and aggressiveness, and indicated that pectinases were greatly affected by pH. Gene expression analyses uncovered differences among members of each family of pectinases and between the two families, defining sets of genes expressed at earlier (0.5–6 h) and later (48 h) phases. Notably, the up‐ or down‐regulation of these target genes was carbon source‐dependent. Finally, an in vivo study confirmed the synergistic and complementary role that these genes play in the M. laxa–stone fruit pathosystem. Based on these results, it is hypothesized that MlPME2, MlRG‐HYD1 and MlRG‐HYD2 may be potential virulence factors of M. laxa in the process from infection to colonization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Baró‐Montel¹,

Vall‐llaura²,

Usall³

et al. 2019

Plant Pathology

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“…Fruit ripening plays an important role in quality formation and susceptibility to pathogen infection (Giovannoni, 2004;Tian et al, 2016). Given the importance of ripening process, remarkable strides have been achieved in revealing the mechanisms of fruit ripening (Martel et al, 2011;Fujisawa et al, 2013;Qin et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mode of action of remorin1 in regulating fruit ripening at transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels

et al. 2018

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Remorins are plant-specific and plasma membrane-associated proteins that display a variety of functions in plant growth, development, biotic and abiotic stresses, and signal transduction. However, little information is available for understanding their role in fruit ripening. Here, remorin 1 (SlREM1) is cloned from tomato and its localization is examined by co-localization analysis and immunoblotting. Functions of SlREM1 in fruit ripening are characterized based on gene expression, co-immunoprecipitation coupled with mass spectroscopy and split luciferase complementation imaging assays in SlREM1 overexpression and RNA interference (RNAi) lines. The results indicate that SlREM1 is localized at the plasma membrane. Overexpression of SlREM1 in tomato stimulates fruit ripening with an increase in ethylene production and lycopene accumulation as compared to the wild-type. Consistently, these genes involved in ethylene and lycopene biosynthesis and ripening regulators also are upregulated in SlREM1 overexpression lines. SlREM1 can interact with ethylene biosynthesis proteins SAM1, ACO1 and ACS2 and is degraded by ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. Our findings reveal that SlREM1 serves as a positive regulator of fruit ripening and provide novel cues for understanding of the molecular regulation network of fruit ripening.

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“…Specifically, phytopathogens can cause huge losses of total production of vegetables and fruits in industrialized countries and over 50% in developing countries each year [4,5]. Pathogenic fungi utilize diverse strategies to colonize plants and trigger disease [1,[6][7][8]. Some fungi kill their host and feed on dead material (necrotrophs), while others colonize living tissue (biotrophs) [7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Pattern and Function of DNA Methylation in Fungal Plant Pathogens

Zhang

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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To successfully infect plants and trigger disease, fungal plant pathogens use various strategies that are dependent on characteristics of their biology and genomes. Although pathogenic fungi are different from animals and plants in the genomic heritability, sequence feature, and epigenetic modification, an increasing number of phytopathogenic fungi have been demonstrated to share DNA methyltransferases (MTases) responsible for DNA methylation with animals and plants. Fungal plant pathogens predominantly possess four types of DNA MTase homologs, including DIM-2, DNMT1, DNMT5, and RID. Numerous studies have indicated that DNA methylation in phytopathogenic fungi mainly distributes in transposable elements (TEs), gene promoter regions, and the repetitive DNA sequences. As an important and heritable epigenetic modification, DNA methylation is associated with silencing of gene expression and transposon, and it is responsible for a wide range of biological phenomena in fungi. This review highlights the relevant reports and insights into the important roles of DNA methylation in the modulation of development, pathogenicity, and secondary metabolism of fungal plant pathogens. Recent evidences prove that there are massive links between DNA and histone methylation in fungi, and they commonly regulate fungal development and mycotoxin biosynthesis.

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Molecular aspects in pathogen-fruit interactions: Virulence and resistance

Cited by 156 publications

References 152 publications

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

Pectin methyl esterases and rhamnogalacturonan hydrolases: weapons for successful Monilinia laxa infection in stone fruit?

The mode of action of remorin1 in regulating fruit ripening at transcriptional and post‐transcriptional levels

The Pattern and Function of DNA Methylation in Fungal Plant Pathogens

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