Molecular assays to detect the presence and viability of Phytophthora ramorum and Grosmannia clavigera

Wong, Barbara; Leal, Isabel; Feau, Nicolas; Dale, Angela; Uzunovic, Adnan; Hamelin, Richard

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0221742

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…A further hypothesis is that the drawing came into contact with furniture or woody material, possibly raw, contaminated by the fungus. The DNA in G. clavigera mycelium remains stable for more than 10 years also in heat-treated wood samples (Wong et al, 2020). Finally, the genus Trichoderma was present in L7 and L8, with the species T. reesei as the dominant species in both drawings.…”

Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 90%

The Microbiome of Leonardo da Vinci’s Drawings: A Bio-Archive of Their History

Piñar

Sclocchi²,

Pinzari³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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Seven emblematic Leonardo da Vinci’s drawings were investigated through third generation sequencing technology (Nanopore). In addition, SEM analyses were carried out to acquire photographic documentation and to infer the nature of the micro-objects removed from the surface of the drawings. The Nanopore generated microbiomes can be used as a “bio-archive” of the drawings, offering a kind of fingerprint for current and future biological comparisons. This information might help to create a biological catalog of the drawings (cataloging), a microbiome-fingerprint for each single analyzed drawing, as a reference dataset for future studies (monitoring) and last but not least a bio-archive of the history of each single object (added value). Results showed a relatively high contamination with human DNA and a surprising dominance of bacteria over fungi. However, it was possible to identify typical bacteria of the human microbiome, which are mere contaminants introduced by handling of the drawings as well as other microorganisms that seem to have been introduced through vectors, such as insects and their droppings, visible through the SEM analyses. All drawings showed very specific bio-archives, but a core microbiome of bacteria and fungi that are repeatedly found in this type of material as true degraders were identified, such as members of the phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes among bacteria, and fungi belonging to the classes Sordariomycetes and Eurotiomycetes. In addition, some similarities were observed that could be influenced by their geographical location (Rome or Turin), indicating the influence of this factor and denoting the importance of environmental and storage conditions on the specific microbiomes.

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Section: Fungimentioning

confidence: 90%

The Microbiome of Leonardo da Vinci’s Drawings: A Bio-Archive of Their History

Piñar

Sclocchi²,

Pinzari³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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“…580 Sordariomycetes genome assemblies (one reference genome per species) were downloaded from NCBI (21/05/2021), the two assemblies were downloaded from JGI Mycocosm ( S. kochii, T. guianense ), and two from other resources ( O. ulmi W9 (Christendat, 2013), L. longiclavatum ( Wong et al, 2020 )). All assemblies were filtered for short contigs (< 1000 bp) and contaminants as described above.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lifestyles shape genome size and gene content in fungal pathogens

Fijarczyk

Hessenauer

Hamelin

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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Fungi have a wide range of lifestyles and hosts. We still know little about the impact of lifestyles on their genome architecture. Here, we combined and annotated 562 fungal genomes from the class Sordariomycetes and examined the coevolution between 12 genomic and two lifestyle traits: pathogenicity and insect association. We found that pathogens tend to evolve a larger number of protein-coding genes, tRNA genes, and have larger non-repetitive genome sizes than non-pathogenic species. In contrast, species with a pathogenic or symbiotic relationship with insects have smaller genome sizes and genes with longer exons; they also have fewer genes if they are vectored by insects, compared to species not associated with insects. Our study demonstrates that pathogen genome size and complexity are the result of an interplay between drift, imposed by symbiosis and small effective population size, which leads to genome contraction, and the adaptive role of gene amplification, which leads to genome expansion.

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“…Instead, we used gapdh transcript levels as a surrogate readout for cell viability. Previous studies have used mRNA to estimate cell viability within a population in vitro ( Wong et al., 2020 ; Collins et al., 2022 ). We showed that there were no significant differences ( p >0.05) in the gapdh cycle threshold value between mRNA obtained from an equal number of DaFucTA2 silenced or control cells ( Supplementary Figure 2 ) indicating a similar number of viable cells was present in each treatment group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaplasma marginale Infection of Dermacentor andersoni Primary Midgut Cell Culture Is Dependent on Fucosylated Glycans

Vimonish

Capelli-Peixoto

Johnson

et al. 2022

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Tick midgut is the primary infection site required by tick-borne pathogens to initiate their development for transmission. Despite the biological significance of this organ, cell cultures derived exclusively from tick midgut tissues are unavailable and protocols for generating primary midgut cell cultures have not been described. To study the mechanism of Anaplasma marginale-tick cell interactions, we successfully developed an in vitro Dermacentor andersoni primary midgut cell culture system. Midgut cells were maintained for up to 120 days. We demonstrated the infection of in vitro midgut cells by using an A. marginale omp10::himar1 mutant with continued replication for up to 10 days post-infection. Anaplasma marginale infection of midgut cells regulated the differential expression of tick α-(1,3)-fucosyltransferases A1 and A2. Silencing of α-(1,3)-fucosyltransferase A2 in uninfected midgut cells reduced the display of fucosylated glycans and significantly lowered the susceptibility of midgut cells to A. marginale infection, suggesting that the pathogen utilized core α-(1,3)-fucose of N-glycans to infect tick midgut cells. This is the first report using in vitro primary D. andersoni midgut cells to study A. marginale-tick cell interactions at the molecular level. The primary midgut cell culture system will further facilitate the investigation of tick-pathogen interactions, leading to the development of novel intervention strategies for tick-borne diseases.

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Molecular assays to detect the presence and viability of Phytophthora ramorum and Grosmannia clavigera

Cited by 11 publications

References 76 publications

The Microbiome of Leonardo da Vinci’s Drawings: A Bio-Archive of Their History

The Microbiome of Leonardo da Vinci’s Drawings: A Bio-Archive of Their History

Lifestyles shape genome size and gene content in fungal pathogens

Anaplasma marginale Infection of Dermacentor andersoni Primary Midgut Cell Culture Is Dependent on Fucosylated Glycans

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