Molecular biology and replication of hepatitis E virus

Cao, Dianjun; Meng, Xiang‐Jin

doi:10.1038/emi.2012.7

Cited by 128 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 128 publications

(207 reference statements)

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“…Its genome contains a positive‐oriented single‐stranded RNA with three open reading frames (ORF), of which ORF1 encodes a multifunctional polyprotein involved in RNA replication, ORF2 the viral capsid protein, and ORF3 a nonstructural protein that can function as a viroporin 2, 3. HEV infections in humans are caused by five genotypes (gts) that differ in their worldwide distribution, their hosts, and their route of transmission.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus replication and interferon responses in human placental cells

Knegendorf

Drave

Thi

et al. 2018

Hepatology Communications

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a member of the genus Orthohepevirus in the family Hepeviridae and the causative agent of hepatitis E in humans. HEV is a major health problem in developing countries, causing mortality rates up to 25% in pregnant women. However, these cases are mainly reported for HEV genotype (gt)1, while gt3 infections are usually associated with subclinical courses of disease. The pathogenic mechanisms of adverse maternal and fetal outcome during pregnancy in HEV‐infected pregnant women remain elusive. In this study, we observed that HEV is capable of completing the full viral life cycle in placental‐derived cells (JEG‐3). Following transfection of JEG‐3 cells, HEV replication of both HEV gts could be observed. Furthermore, determination of extracellular and intracellular viral capsid levels, infectivity, and biophysical properties revealed production of HEV infectious particles with similar characteristics as in liver‐derived cells. Viral entry was analyzed by infection of target cells and detection of either viral RNA or staining for viral capsid protein by immunofluorescence. HEV gt1 and gt3 were efficiently inhibited by ribavirin in placental as well as in human hepatoma cells. In contrast, interferon‐α sensitivity was lower in the placental cells compared to liver cells for gt1 but not gt3 HEV. Simultaneous determination of interferon‐stimulated gene expression levels demonstrated an efficient HEV‐dependent restriction in JEG‐3. Conclusion: We showed differential tissue‐specific host responses to HEV genotypes, adding to our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to fatal outcomes of HEV infections during pregnancy. Using this cell‐culture system, new therapeutic options for HEV during pregnancy can be identified and evaluated. (Hepatology Communications 2018;2:173–187)

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E virus replication and interferon responses in human placental cells

Knegendorf

Drave

Thi

et al. 2018

Hepatology Communications

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“…1). Es wird flankiert von nicht-kodierenden Regionen, ist am 3'-Ende polyadenyliert und trägt am 5'-Ende ein m 7 GCap [8][9][10]. Das Genom kodiert für drei überlappende offene Leserahmen (ORF1-3; .…”

Section: Erregereigenschaftenunclassified

“…Tab. 1) [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. Kürzlich wurde in zwei Publikationen vorgeschlagen, die bisher molekular charakterisierten HEV taxonomisch neu einzuordnen [14,15].…”

Section: Erregereigenschaftenunclassified

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Hepatitis-E-Virus

Gesundheit¹

2015

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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“…ORF3 overlaps ORF2 at its 3' end by approximately 300nt, which is involved in virion morphogenesis and release. The virus replicates in the cytoplasm, with the sub-genomic RNA producing the ORF2 and ORF3 proteins, which serve as templates for replication [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis E – A new era in understanding

Krzowska-Firych

Lucas²,

Lucas³

et al. 2018

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Hepatitis E virus [HEV], the last of the five hepatotropic viruses to be discovered, was originally considered to cause an acute, travel-associated self-limiting illness restricted to humans; however, new research shows that there are animal reservoirs and zoonotic transmission. Additionally, HEV is now considered as a major health burden worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality; therefore, the topic of hepatitis E is of re-emerging importance, having brought to light important questions such as the transmission of HEV, especially in developed countries, as well as treatment and vaccination options. HEV belongs to the genus Hepevirus in the Hepeviridae family. The HEV genome sequence is relatively stable; however, there is a diversity of genotypes which are helpful in comprehending the epidemiological phenomena. HEV is classified based on the nucleotide sequences of the genome and is now characterised as a single serotype with four major genotypes . Hepatitis E cases are not clinically distinguishable from other types of acute viral hepatitis, although diagnosis can be strongly suspected in certain epidemiological settings. It is imperative to raise awareness among physicians about the importance of HEV, with the aim of helping recognise, prevent and treat HEV infections. This review article highlights the current developments of HEV in microbiology, epidemiology, clinical features, treatment and prophylaxis.

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Molecular biology and replication of hepatitis E virus

Cited by 128 publications

References 128 publications

Hepatitis E virus replication and interferon responses in human placental cells

Hepatitis E virus replication and interferon responses in human placental cells

Hepatitis-E-Virus

Hepatitis E – A new era in understanding

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