Molecular Biology of the Plasma Membrane of Higher Plants

Sussman, Michael R.; Harper, Jeffrey F.

doi:10.2307/3868995

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Chloroplast is enveloped by outer and inner membranes largely composed of glycerolipids; the former is permeable to a large number of small molecules owing to the presence of porins, while the latter is selectively permeable to specific transport proteins crucial for photosynthesis . On the other hand, protoplast only has one membrane which consists mostly of phospholipids . In addition, the dielectric constant of protoplast membrane is different from that of the chloroplast membrane .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design Principles for the Transport and Subcellular Distribution of Nanomaterials into Plant Protoplasts

Lew

Wong

Kwak

et al. 2018

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114

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The ability to control the subcellular localization of nanoparticles within living plants offers unique advantages for targeted biomolecule delivery and enables important applications in plant bioengineering. However, the mechanism of nanoparticle transport past plant biological membranes is poorly understood. Here, a mechanistic study of nanoparticle cellular uptake into plant protoplasts is presented. An experimentally validated mathematical model of lipid exchange envelope penetration mechanism for protoplasts, which predicts that the subcellular distribution of nanoparticles in plant cells is dictated by the particle size and the magnitude of the zeta potential, is advanced. The mechanism is completely generic, describing nanoparticles ranging from quantum dots, gold and silica nanoparticles, nanoceria, and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). In addition, the use of imaging flow cytometry to investigate the influence of protoplasts' morphological characteristics on nanoparticle uptake efficiency is demonstrated. Using DNA-wrapped SWNTs as model nanoparticles, it is found that glycerolipids, the predominant lipids in chloroplast membranes, exhibit stronger lipid-nanoparticle interaction than phospholipids, the major constituent in protoplast membrane. This work can guide the rational design of nanoparticles for targeted delivery into specific compartments within plant cells without the use of chemical or mechanical aid, potentially enabling various plant engineering applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design Principles for the Transport and Subcellular Distribution of Nanomaterials into Plant Protoplasts

Lew

Wong

Kwak

et al. 2018

Small

114

139

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show abstract

“…How- ever, without other information, the identities of these proteins are very difficult to determine because of the limited amount of proteins that can be obtained from GCPs. In particular, ion channel proteins, which are key players in osmotic regulation of stomatal aperture, are present at very low concentrations (Sussman and Harper, 1989). The low abundance and water-insoluble nature of channel proteins make biochemical analysis of ion channels very difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Guard Cells Possess a Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase That Phosphorylates the KAT1 Potassium Channel1

1998

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Increasing evidence suggests that changes in cytosolic Ca2+ levels and phosphorylation play important roles in the regulation of stomatal aperture and as ion transporters of guard cells. However, protein kinases responsible for Ca2+ signaling in guard cells remain to be identified. Using biochemical approaches, we have identified a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase with a calmodulin-like domain (CDPK) in guard cell protoplasts of Vicia faba. Both autophosphorylation and catalytic activity of CDPK are Ca2+dependent. CDPK exhibits a Ca2+-induced electrophoretic mobility shift and its Ca2+-dependent catalytic activity can be inhibited by the calmodulin antagonists trifluoperazine andN-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalenesulfonamide. Antibodies to soybean CDPKα cross-react with CDPK. Micromolar Ca2+ concentrations stimulate phosphorylation of several proteins from guard cells; cyclosporin A, a specific inhibitor of the Ca2+-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin enhances the Ca2+-dependent phosphorylation of several soluble proteins. CDPK from guard cells phosphorylates the K+ channel KAT1 protein in a Ca2+-dependent manner. These results suggest that CDPK may be an important component of Ca2+ signaling in guard cells.

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“…MECHANISM P-type W-ATPases are the major primary pumps in plasma membranes of most non-animal eukaryotes including plants and yeast (Serrano, 1989;Sussman and Harper, 1989).…”

Section: The Plasma Membrane W -Atpase: the Active Proton Exportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enigmatic Microorganisms and Life in Extreme Environments

Seckbach¹

1999

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Molecular Biology of the Plasma Membrane of Higher Plants

Cited by 10 publications

References 36 publications

Rational Design Principles for the Transport and Subcellular Distribution of Nanomaterials into Plant Protoplasts

Rational Design Principles for the Transport and Subcellular Distribution of Nanomaterials into Plant Protoplasts

Guard Cells Possess a Calcium-Dependent Protein Kinase That Phosphorylates the KAT1 Potassium Channel1

Enigmatic Microorganisms and Life in Extreme Environments

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