Molecular Brain Imaging of Personality Traits in Nonhuman Primates: A Study of the Common Marmoset

Yokoyama, Chihiro; Onoe, Hirotaka

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53892-9_19

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Impulsiveness, however, was also related to emotionality and reactivity whereas Conscientiousness was not. Finally, Dominance, Sociability, and Negative Affect resembled domains found in earlier studies [13, 17, 31, 32]. On the other hand, although they may have been represented by Pro-sociality, we did not find strong evidence for a Patience [31] or a Perceptual Sensitivity [17] (which may be the same construct [31]) domain.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…The personality domains that we found in the present study overlapped, although not completely, with those found in prior studies of common marmosets. Openness resembled eponymous domains, or a domain labeled Inquisitiveness, identified in previous studies [13, 17, 31, 32]. Moreover, although we did not find a clear Conscientiousness factor, as did two previous studies [17, 31], Impulsiveness and Pro-sociality overlapped with Conscientiousness in that all three were related to behavioral consistency and reliability, prosociality, tolerance, and low levels of aggression [17, 31].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…5 Saimiri [26], Sapajus and Cebus [27][28][29], and other Callitrichids [30], four studies of common 5 marmosets [13, 17,31,32] have yielded findings consistent with the notion that that the 5 socioecology of a species influences that species' personality structure [see 33 for a 5 discussion]. Despite differences in the origins and housing of subjects, and in how personality 6 was measured, the five sets of data from these four studies revealed overlapping personality 6 domains (see Figure 1): all five revealed domains related to sociability [13,17,31,32]; four 6 revealed domains related to aggressiveness and competitive prowess [13,17,31,32]; three 6 revealed domains related to anxiety and vigilance [13,17,32]; two revealed domains related 6 to exploratory tendencies [17,31]; and two revealed domains related to self-control [17,31]. 6 In addition, two of these studies found a domain-Perceptual Sensitivity [17] and Patience 6 [31]-that had not been found in other species.…”

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“…Personality domains found in previous studies and grouped by the psychological construct they represent. From left to right, the first two columns are domains found byIwanicki and Lehmann (2015) in two datasets, the third refers to domains found byKoski et al (2017), the fourth to domains found by Inoue-Murayama et al(2018), and the fourth refers to domains found byYokoyama et al (2011). Domains in the same 'box' measure the same construct.…”

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Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and the Serotonin 1a Receptor Gene in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

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Yokoyama

Hayashi

et al. 2020

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1Of the three rating-based studies of common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) personality, one 2 did not find domains resembling those labeled Conscientiousness or Openness. Because this 3 discrepancy may have been partly attributable to the fact that many purported markers of 4 Conscientiousness were excluded because of concerns about interrater reliability. We 5 therefore followed up this study by increasing the number of common marmosets that were 6 rated, bringing it up to 128 from 77. We also gathered the same amount of new data on 7 subjective well-being and genetic data related to serotonin 1a receptor polymorphisms. Factor 8 analysis revealed evidence for an Openness domain and a domain labeled "Impulsiveness" 9 that combined low Conscientiousness and high emotional instability. The other domains 10 included Sociability, Dominance, and Negative Affect, and resembled those found in 11 previous studies of common marmoset personality. Correlations between these factors were 12 higher than expected and a second-order factor analysis indicated the presence of a domain, 13 Pro-Sociality, related to high Sociability and both low Dominance and Impulsiveness, and a 14 domain, Boldness, related to high Openness and low Negative Affect. Further analyses could 15 not discern the extent to which Pro-Sociality and Boldness were not artifacts, but a higher-16 level of personality organization in this species. Correlations between the domains and the 17 subjective well-being measures were consistent with those found in other species and 18 supported the construct validity of the factors. There were no reliable associations between 19 personality and genotype. New analytic methods and larger samples may help to better 20 understand personality in common marmosets. 21 Keywords: higher-order, assessment, temperament, behavioral syndrome, callitrichid 22 common marmosets that were housed in the Kobe, Japan campus of the Institute of Physical 87 and Chemical Research (RIKEN), a Japanese research organization for basic and applied 88 science. This earlier study did not find evidence for a Conscientiousness or Patience domain; 89 it also did not find evidence for an Openness domain (Inoue-Murayama et al., 2018). Because 90Conscientiousness, Openness, and possibly Patience, were found in two previous studies 91 (Iwanicki & Lehmann, 2015;Koski et al., 2017), the failure to find one or more of these 92 domains in the RIKEN sample is puzzling. One possible reason for these differences with 93 regards to Conscientiousness or Patience is that, of the items that Inoue-Murayama et al. 94(2018) removed because they had interrater reliability estimates that were less than zero, two 95 MARMOSET PERSONALITY 6 (reckless and unperceptive) were associated with Conscientiousness and three (inventive, 96 persistent, and quitting) were associated with Patience in Koski et al.'s (2017) study. 2 The 97negative interrater reliabilities of these items suggest that there was either very little between-98

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confidence: 73%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and the Serotonin 1a Receptor Gene in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

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Yokoyama

Hayashi

et al. 2020

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“…; Baker, 2012; Martau, Caine, & Candland, 1985; Wilson, 2011), cotton-top tamarins ( Saguinus oedipus ; Franks et al, 2013), capuchins ( Cebus spp. ; Byrne & Suomi, 2002; Manson & Perry, 2013; Morton et al, 2013; Uher, Addessi, & Visalberghi, 2013; Wilson, 2011), black-handed spider monkeys ( Ateles geoffroyi ; Santillán-Doherty et al, 2010), and common marmosets ( Callithrix jacchus ; Koski & Burkart, 2015; Koski, Kissling, Finkewirth, & Burkart, 2013; Shiba et al, 2014; Šlipogor, 2012; Šlipogor, Gunhold, & Bugnyar, 2013; Yokoyama & Onoe, 2011). It should be emphasized that these studies are few, often only examine one aspect of personality (e.g., anxiety, novelty-seeking), and rarely implement concurrent usage of trait rating and behavioral coding.…”

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Behavioral and trait rating assessments of personality in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Iwanicki¹,

Lehmann²

2015

Journal of Comparative Psychology

121

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The study of personality in animals is a rapidly growing scientific field and numerous species have been reported to show consistent personality profiles. Much animal personality research has focused on nonhuman primates, with the main emphasis being placed on Old World primates, particularly rhesus macaques and chimpanzees. So far, little work has been done on cooperatively breeding nonhuman primates and New World species. Here, we study personality in the cooperatively breeding common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) to broaden the taxonomic range of such research and to widen the perspective of comparative personality research. We use behavioral data collection and observer trait ratings to assess marmoset personality dimensions. The resulting behavioral and rating-derived personality dimensions, when viewed in tandem, resemble the human five-factor model and include extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and conscientiousness. Correlations between the behavioral data and the observer trait-rated personality components suggest that the personality construct of common marmosets exhibits both convergent and discriminant validity. The finding of a distinct Conscientiousness component in this species extends previous knowledge in comparative personality psychology and warrants reconsideration of proposed taxonomic trait distributions.

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Personality, subjective well-being, and the serotonin 1a receptor gene in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

et al. 2021

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Studies of personality traits in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) indicate that there are five or six constructs—Sociability, Dominance, Neuroticism, Openness, and two related to Conscientiousness. The present study attempted to determine whether our earlier study of laboratory-housed individuals only yielded three—Dominance, Sociability, and Neuroticism—because of a low amount of between-subjects variance. To do so, we increased our sample size from 77 to 128. In addition, we ascertained the reliability and validity of ratings and whether polymorphisms related to the serotonin 1a receptor were associated with personality. We found Sociability, Dominance, and Negative Affect factors that resembled three domains found in previous studies, including ours. We also found an Openness and Impulsiveness factor, the latter of which bore some resemblance to Conscientiousness, and two higher-order factors, Pro-sociality and Boldness. In further analyses, we could not exclude the possibility that Pro-sociality and Boldness represented a higher-level of personality organization. Correlations between personality factors and well-being were consistent with the definitions of the factors. There were no significant associations between personality and genotype. These results suggest that common marmoset personality structure varies as a function of rearing or housing variables that have not yet been investigated systematically.

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Molecular Brain Imaging of Personality Traits in Nonhuman Primates: A Study of the Common Marmoset

Cited by 3 publications

References 109 publications

Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and the Serotonin 1a Receptor Gene in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Personality, Subjective Well-Being, and the Serotonin 1a Receptor Gene in Common Marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

Behavioral and trait rating assessments of personality in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus).

Personality, subjective well-being, and the serotonin 1a receptor gene in common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus)

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