Molecular Breeding of Grapevine for Aromatic Quality and Other Traits Relevant to Viticulture

Emanuelli, F.; Battilana, J.; Costantini, L.; Grando, M. S.

doi:10.1002/9780470959350.ch11

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Even the greater resilience of this technique is remarkable compared to the other PCR-based technologies and to inhibitors that are commonly found in the samples of seeds, plant materials, soils, and wastewater [ 20 ]. All of these technical features make digital PCR-based approaches feasible for grapevine precision breeding [ 21 , 22 ], targeting favorable haplotypes for an important quality-related trait, such as aroma.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscat Flavor in Grapevine: A Digital PCR Assay to Track Allelic Variation in VvDXS Gene

Morcia¹,

Tumino

Raimondi

et al. 2021

Genes

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The aroma of grapes and derived wines has long been one of the major traits considered in the selection of grapevine varieties through the centuries. In particular, Muscat aromatic grapes have been highly appreciated and widespread since ancient times. Monoterpenes are the key compounds responsible for the Muscat flavor. A major QTL affecting monoterpene level has been found to co-localize with the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase (VvDXS) gene, encoding for the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase enzyme involved in the plastidial pathway of terpene biosynthesis. In more detail, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP 1822) in the coding region of the gene causes a “gain of function” mutation, which is involved in Muscat flavor. In this work, we have developed a digital PCR-based assay to target allelic variations in the VvDXS gene, SNP1822, with the aim to propose a fast and sensitive analytical tool for targeting Muscat-flavored grapevine genotypes. The assay accurately predicts the genetic structure at 1822 SNP, critical for the development of the aroma in the great majority of Muscats. In the case of grapes in which the aromatic component is due to mutations other than SNP 1822 (e.g., Chasselas Musqué and Chardonnay Muscat), further specific assays can be developed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscat Flavor in Grapevine: A Digital PCR Assay to Track Allelic Variation in VvDXS Gene

Morcia¹,

Tumino

Raimondi

et al. 2021

Genes

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“…Plants heterozygous or homozygous for T are indicated as mutants, while the homozygotes G/G correspond to the wild-type. Total linalool content in the whole FEM aromatic core collection classified according to the VvDXS1 genotype at position 1822 (C) and in a subset of accessions with the muscat mutation at SNP1822 classified according to the genotype at the marker FAH1 on chromosome 10 (Battilana et al, 2009 ; Emanuelli et al, 2011 ) (D) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, the analysis of additional metabolites (e.g., carotenoids and chlorophylls) could point out potentially competing reactions. The involvement of multiple key enzymes might also explain the lack of linalool in the microvines under investigation; in particular, terpene synthases or other genes in the confidence interval of the previously identified linalool-specific QTL on chromosome 10 (Battilana et al, 2009 ; Emanuelli et al, 2011 ; Costantini et al, 2017 ) might play a limiting role in linalool production in combination with VvDXS1 , as highlighted in the grapevine germplasm (Figures 5C,D ) and reported in other plants (Zeng et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induction of Terpene Biosynthesis in Berries of Microvine Transformed with VvDXS1 Alleles

et al. 2018

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Terpenoids, especially monoterpenes, are major aroma-impact compounds in grape and wine. Previous studies highlighted a key regulatory role for grapevine 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase 1 (VvDXS1), the first enzyme of the methylerythritol phosphate pathway for isoprenoid precursor biosynthesis. Here, the parallel analysis of VvDXS1 genotype and terpene concentration in a germplasm collection demonstrated that VvDXS1 sequence has a very high predictive value for the accumulation of monoterpenes and also has an influence on sesquiterpene levels. A metabolic engineering approach was applied by expressing distinct VvDXS1 alleles in the grapevine model system “microvine” and assessing the effects on downstream pathways at transcriptional and metabolic level in different organs and fruit developmental stages. The underlying goal was to investigate two potential perturbation mechanisms, the former based on a significant over-expression of the wild-type (neutral) VvDXS1 allele and the latter on the ex-novo expression of an enzyme with increased catalytic efficiency from the mutated (muscat) VvDXS1 allele. The integration of the two VvDXS1 alleles in distinct microvine lines was found to alter the expression of several terpenoid biosynthetic genes, as assayed through an ad hoc developed TaqMan array based on cDNA libraries of four aromatic cultivars. In particular, enhanced transcription of monoterpene, sesquiterpene and carotenoid pathway genes was observed. The accumulation of monoterpenes in ripe berries was higher in the transformed microvines compared to control plants. This effect is predominantly attributed to the improved activity of the VvDXS1 enzyme coded by the muscat allele, whereas the up-regulation of VvDXS1 plays a secondary role in the increase of monoterpenes.

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The genetic basis of grape and wine aroma

2019

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The grape is one of the oldest and most important horticultural crops. Grape and wine aroma has long been of cultural and scientific interest. The diverse compound classes comprising aroma result from multiple biosynthetic pathways. Only fairly recently have researchers begun to elucidate the genetic mechanisms behind the biosynthesis and metabolism of grape volatile compounds. This review summarizes current findings regarding the genetic bases of grape and wine aroma with an aim towards highlighting areas in need of further study. From the literature, we compiled a list of functionally characterized genes involved in berry aroma biosynthesis and present them with their corresponding annotation in the grape reference genome.

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Molecular Breeding of Grapevine for Aromatic Quality and Other Traits Relevant to Viticulture

Cited by 4 publications

References 99 publications

Muscat Flavor in Grapevine: A Digital PCR Assay to Track Allelic Variation in VvDXS Gene

Muscat Flavor in Grapevine: A Digital PCR Assay to Track Allelic Variation in VvDXS Gene

Induction of Terpene Biosynthesis in Berries of Microvine Transformed with VvDXS1 Alleles

The genetic basis of grape and wine aroma

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