Molecular/Cellular Processes and the Population Genetics of a Species

Hauser, Lorenz; Hemingway, K. L.; Wedderburn, John F. S.; Lawrence, Andrew J

doi:10.1002/9780470999691.ch7

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Genetic diversity is required for populations to adapt to local selection pressures (Hauser et al . ), and individual genetic diversity has been found to influence bioaccumulation of toxicants (Maes et al . ).…”

Section: The Use Of Population‐genetic Methods To Improve Our Understmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Populations contain variable levels of genetic diversity, influenced by demographic history, size and isolation. Genetic diversity is required for populations to adapt to local selection pressures (Hauser et al 2003), and individual genetic diversity has been found to influence bioaccumulation of toxicants (Maes et al 2005). Chemical contamination could increase genetic diversity through the introduction of new genetic variants (by mutations) in the gene pool or could decrease genetic diversity through a reduction in N e over several generations (population bottlenecks) (Bickham et al 2000) (Fig.…”

Section: Chemical Contamination and Genetic Diversity In Wild Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population‐level consequences for wild fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of chemicals – a critical review

et al. 2015

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Concentrated chemical spills have been shown to impact adversely on fish populations and even cause localized population extinctions. Evaluating population-level impacts of sublethal exposure concentrations is, however, complex and confounded by other environmental pressures. Applying effect measures derived from laboratory-based chemical exposures to impacts in wild fish populations is constrained by uncertainty on how biochemical response measures (biomarkers) translate into health outcomes, lack of available data for chronic exposures and the many uncertainties in available fish population models. Furthermore, wild fish show phenotypic plasticity and local adaptations can occur that adds geographic and temporal variance on responses. Such population-level factors are rarely considered in the chemical risk assessment process and can probably be derived only from studies on wild fish. Molecular technologies, including microsatellite and SNP genotyping, and RNASeq for gene expression studies, are advancing our understanding of mechanisms of eco-toxicological response, tolerance, adaptation and selection in wild populations. We examine critically the application of such approaches with examples including using microsatellites that has identified roach (Rutilus rutilus) populations living in rivers contaminated with sewage effluents that are self-sustaining, and studies of stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) that have identified genomic regions under selection putatively related to pollution tolerance. Integrating data on biological effects between laboratory-based studies and wild populations, and building understanding on adaptive responses to sublethal exposure are some of the priority research areas for more effective evaluation of population risks and resilience to contaminant exposure.

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Section: The Use Of Population‐genetic Methods To Improve Our Understmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Chemical Contamination and Genetic Diversity In Wild Fishmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population‐level consequences for wild fish exposed to sublethal concentrations of chemicals – a critical review

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Материалом для создания ремонтно-маточных стад является стерлядь из рек Иртыш и Кама. Показано, что в ответ на переход к новым условиям существования -изменение химического состава воды и температурных условий [2,3], появление токсикантов [4,5] -особи реагируют адаптациями. При разведении рыб в установках замкнутого водоснабжения новые факторы (термальные воды, искусственные корма, высокая плотность посадки, индустриальные методы выращивания) создают стрессовые условия для рыб [6][7][8][9].…”

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