Molecular characterisation of a dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone in a Mexican hospital (1999–2003)

Echániz-Avilés, Gabriela; Velázquez-Meza, María Elena; Aires-de-Sousa, Marta; Morfín‐Otero, Rayo; Rodríguez-Noriega, Eduardo; Carnalla-Barajas, María Noemí; Esparza-Ahumada, Sergio; Lencastre, Hermı́nia de

doi:10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.01283.x

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Results given by trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole are even worse with a mere 33.8% susceptibility in the current study, 21.1% from Bukharie and Abdelhadi[28], 2001 and full resistance by Panhotra et al, 2005[48]. Our results are in sharp contrast with those of Echa'niz-Aviles et al[53], 2006 who found all their isolates to be susceptible to gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. It is pertinent to deduce that antibiotics such as gentamicin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and the local fusidic acid should no longer be relied upon at least for empirical treatment of the local MRSA isolates.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 89%

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Baddour

Abuelkheir

Fatani

2006

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 89%

Untitled

Baddour

Abuelkheir

Fatani

2006

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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“…Here we are comparing two different environments with different features that could determine the preference for colonization of each particular strain. Isolation of MRSA strains from hospitals in Mexico has been reported (4,12). The percentage of MRSA strains reported by Calderón-Jaimes et al (4) isolated from hospitals in Mexico City was 14.2% between 1998 and 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

2010

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Healthy carriers of Staphylococcus aureus strains have an important role in the dissemination of this bacterium. To investigate the presence of S. aureus in the throat and anterior nares, samples from 1,243 healthy volunteers in a Mexican community were examined. The percentage of healthy carriers was 59.8%. Results showed that colonization of the throat occurred more frequently than that of the nares (46.5% versus 37.1%, P < 0.0001). Of the S. aureus carriers, 22.2% were exclusive nasal carriers and 38% were exclusive throat carriers. A total of 1,039 strains were isolated; 12.6% were shown to be methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Of MRSA strains, 32.1% were isolated from exclusive throat carriers. Most of the strains isolated from the anterior nares and throat of the same carriers were the same or related; however, some were different. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern analysis of the MRSA strains isolated from the exclusive nasal carriers or exclusive throat carriers showed that they belong to different clusters. A 6-year prospective study was performed to investigate the persistence of S. aureus in the throat. Results showed that 13% of subjects were persistent carriers. Most of them were colonized with the same clone of S. aureus throughout the time of the study, and just three had different clones. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 91.1% of the strains were penicillin resistant. The presence of mecA and nucA genes (in order to confirm methicillin resistance) and of thermostable nuclease of S. aureus was examined. This study showed that some strains of S. aureus regularly colonized the throats of healthy people and could persist for years.Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most frequently occurring community-acquired as well as hospital-acquired pathogens, with high rates of hospital-acquired infections (11).Recently, the epidemiology of S. aureus, in particular methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), has changed with the emergence of community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) (6, 10). Reports from different parts of the world indicate that CA-MRSA has emerged as a new pathogen (3,26,32).S. aureus is a transient or persistent part of the resident flora in the anterior nares of the population (15). The anterior nares are considered to be the primary colonization site, and approximately 30% of healthy people carry this bacterium (15).The human throat is less well studied than the nares as a carriage site; nevertheless, some isolations have been reported (19,22,25). Colonization of the throat but not of the nares may be more common than is currently acknowledged. Recent studies confirmed the observation that the throat may be selectively colonized and escape current routine screening programs (1,16,18,27,33). Unrecognized carriers may spread MRSA and render infection control programs futile (18,19,27).Three main carriage patterns have been described when individuals are repeatedly sampled in the anterior nares for S. aureus over longer periods of time: the so-called noncarriers, ...

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“…ST5 appeared almost simultaneously in 11 counties, whereas ST228 was first isolated in the restricted area of Budapest, and only spread later throughout the country. Interestingly, to our knowledge, the New York/Japan clone has never been described in countries bordering Hungary, and was therefore probably imported from countries in which it is highly prevalent, i.e., the USA, Japan, Korea and Mexico [37–39]. Nevertheless, clone ST5‐II has been reported recently in some Belgium hospitals, as was the ST45‐IV clone, which was predominant among 251 isolates recovered from 95 hospitals during 2003 [40].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Replacement of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in Hungary over time: a 10-year surveillance study

Conceição

Aires-de-Sousa

Füzi

et al. 2007

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

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The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Hungary has been increasing and is now close to 20% among invasive isolates of S. aureus. In order to understand the evolution of MRSA in Hungary, two collections of isolates were studied: 22 representatives of a collection of 238 MRSA isolates recovered between 1994 and 1998, and a collection of 299 MRSA isolates recovered between 2001 and 2004. The isolates were first characterised by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and were distributed into 19 different PFGE patterns. Representatives of each pattern were further characterised by spa typing, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. The Hungarian clone that was predominant in 1994-1998 (PFGE E, ST239-III) had almost disappeared in 2003-2004, being replaced by the Southern German clone (PFGE B, ST228-I) and the New York/Japan epidemic clone (PFGE A, ST5-II), which represented c. 85% of the 2001-2004 isolates. Thus, this study describes, for the first time, the co-dominance and extensive spread of the New York/Japan clone in a European country.

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Molecular characterisation of a dominant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) clone in a Mexican hospital (1999–2003)

Cited by 20 publications

References 38 publications

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Characterization and Persistence of Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from the Anterior Nares and Throats of Healthy Carriers in a Mexican Community

Replacement of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clones in Hungary over time: a 10-year surveillance study

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