Molecular Characterisation of nfsA Gene in Nitrofurantoin Resistant Uropathogens

Shanmugam, Dhivyalakshmi; Esak, Shamsadh Begum; Anbumani, N

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2016/17280.7957

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…About 18.5% (5/27, Additional file 1 : Table S6) of the isolates were intermediate to nitrofurantoin, among which four nitrofurantoin-intermediate isolates were serotype III and the other one was serotype Ib. So far, two nitrofurantoin-resistant genes, nsfA and nsfB , have been reported [ 16 ]. About two-thirds of the length of nsfB protein were aligned to all of the five draft genomes by TBLASTN search (E-value threshold 0.05, Additional file 1 : Table S7), in which the genome area contained a ‘Ribosomal large subunit pseudouridine synthase B’ f in No.8 isolate, a ‘glyoxal reductase’ in No.11, a “putative NAD(P)H nitroreductase YfkO” in No.17, No.20 and No.24 isolates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The draft genomes and investigation of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urine in Suzhou, China

Guo

Deng

Liang

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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BackgroundThe group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a human commensal bacterium, which is capable of causing several infectious diseases in infants, and people with chronic diseases. GBS has been the most common cause of infections in urinary tract of the elders, but relatively few studies reported the urine-isolated GBS and their antimicrobial susceptibilities. Hence, we decided to investigate GBS specially isolated from urine in Suzhou, China.Methods27 GBS samples were isolated from urine in Suzhou, China. The PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis were used to identify the serotype distribution. Susceptibility tests were based on MIC test and Kirby–Bauer test. Genome were sequenced via Illumina Hiseq platform and assembled by SPAdes. Genomes of five isolates were sequenced and submitted to NCBI genome database. The sequencing files in fastq format were submitted to NCBI SRA database.ResultsFive serotypes were identified. The resistant rates measured for tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and fluoroquinolones were 74.1, 63.0, 44.4 and 48.1%, respectively. 18.5% of the isolates were nonsusceptible to nitrofurantoin. The resistance to tetracycline was mainly associated with the gene tetM. The erythromycin resistance was mainly associated with the genes ermB and mefE. The genes ermB and lnuB were the prevalent genes in cMLSB type. No known nitrofurantoin resistance gene was found in nitrofurantoin-nonsusceptible GBS.ConclusionsFive serotypes were identified in our study. High rates of GBS isolates were resistant to tetracycline, erythromycin, clindamycin and fluoroquinolones. The genes ermB and lnuB occupied high rates in cMLSB phenotype.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12941-018-0280-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The draft genomes and investigation of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urine in Suzhou, China

Guo

Deng

Liang

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob

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“…Only 56 per cent of the isolates were susceptible to nitrofurantoin. Shanmugam et al 21 reported 51 per cent susceptibility to nitrofurantoin among CR E. coli . Although studies specific to nitrofurantoin susceptibility in CRE are limited, various studies done on multidrug resistance (MDR) or extended-spectrum beta-lactamases producing E. coli from urine samples, report the considerable difference in susceptibility to nitrofurantoin2223.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility profile, resistance mechanisms & efficacy ratios of fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin & colistin for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections

Amladi¹,

Abirami²,

Devi³

et al. 2019

Indian Journal of Medical Research

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Background & objectives: The escalation in carbapenem resistance among Enterobacteriaceae has resulted in a lack of effective therapeutic alternatives. Older antimicrobials, fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin for urinary tract infections (UTIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) may be effective treatment options. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the utility of fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin in treating UTI caused by CRE and molecular characterization of the plasmid-mediated carbapenem resistance mechanisms. Methods: Consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of CR Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. from urine cultures were included (n=150). Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were determined by E -test (fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin) and broth microdilution (colistin). Efficacy ratios were derived by dividing susceptibility breakpoints by observed MIC values of the drugs for the isolates. Isolates were screened for genes coding for carbapenemases using multiplex PCR. Fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin-resistant isolates were screened for plasmid-borne resistance genes fos A3, oqx AB and mcr -1, respectively using PCR. Results: Among E. coli , 98.9, 56 and 95 per cent isolates were susceptible to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin, respectively, while 94 and 85 per cent of Klebsiella spp. were susceptible to fosfomycin and colistin, respectively. The efficacy ratios indicated fosfomycin as the drug of choice for UTI caused by CR E. coli and Klebsiella spp., followed by colistin. The bla NDM gene was most common, followed by bla OXA48-like . Plasmid-borne genes encoding resistance to fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin and colistin were absent. Interpretation & conclusions: With increasing resistance against the current treatment options, older drugs may emerge as effective options. Molecular screening of resistant isolates is essential to prevent the spread of plasmid-borne resistance against these drugs.

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“…To the best of our knowledge, the increased frequency of nitrofurantoin resistance in ST38 has not been reported. Nonsense mutations in the nitroreductase genes nfsA and nfsB are associated with nitrofurantoin resistance and were found in all nonsusceptible strains of both ST38 and ST131 (Sandegren et al, 2008;Shanmugam et al, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Surveillance of Ceftriaxone-Resistant Escherichia coli in Western New York Suggests the Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase blaCTX-M-27 Is Emerging on Distinct Plasmids in ST38

et al. 2020

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Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae pose significant treatment and infection prevention challenges. Escherichia coli sequence type (ST) 131 associated with the bla CTX-M-15 gene has been the dominant lineage of ESBL-producing E. coli in the US and worldwide. In this study, our objective was to determine the β-lactamase profile, means of dissemination, prevalence, and the clonal identity of ESBL-producing E. coli in our region of Western New York. Whole-genome SNP-based phylogenomics was used to assess 89 ceftriaxone-resistant (CTR) E. coli. Isolates were collected from both inpatients and outpatients and from urine and sterile-sites over a 2 month period in 2017 or throughout the year, respectively. ST131 was the predominant ST (46.0%), followed by ST38 (15.7%). The bla CTX-M-15 gene was commonly found in 53.7% of ST131 isolates, whereas the bla CTX-M-27 gene was found in 26.8% of ST131, though was significantly associated with ST38, and was found in 71.4% of those strains. When compared to ST131, ST38 E. coli exhibited increased frequency of resistance to nitrofurantoin and decreased frequency of resistance to ciprofloxacin and ampicillin-sulbactam. Using Nanopore long-read sequencing technology, an analysis of the ESBL genetic context showed that the bla CTX-M-15 gene was chromosomal in 68.2% of ST131, whereas the bla CTX-M-27 gene was plasmid-borne in all ST131 and 90% of ST38 isolates. Notably, the bla CTX-M-27 gene in ST38 resided on highly-related (99.0-100.0% identity and 65.0-98.0% query coverage) conjugative IncF plasmids of distinct plasmid multi-locus sequence types (pMLSTs) from those in ST131. Furthermore, ST131 and ST38 were found to harbor different antibiotic resistance gene and virulence factor profiles. These findings raise the possibility of an emerging ESBL-producing E. coli lineage in our region.

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Molecular Characterisation of nfsA Gene in Nitrofurantoin Resistant Uropathogens

Cited by 9 publications

References 10 publications

The draft genomes and investigation of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urine in Suzhou, China

The draft genomes and investigation of serotype distribution, antimicrobial resistance of group B Streptococcus strains isolated from urine in Suzhou, China

Susceptibility profile, resistance mechanisms & efficacy ratios of fosfomycin, nitrofurantoin & colistin for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae causing urinary tract infections

Genomic Surveillance of Ceftriaxone-Resistant Escherichia coli in Western New York Suggests the Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase blaCTX-M-27 Is Emerging on Distinct Plasmids in ST38

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