Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Japan, 2017–2021

Kawaguchiya, Mitsuyo; Urushibara, Noriko; Aung, Meiji Soe; Shimada, Shigeki; Nakamura, Mayumi; Ito, Masahiko; Habadera, Satoshi; Kobayashi, Nobumichi

doi:10.1016/j.ijregi.2022.07.002

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…39,42 Serotypes Ia, Ib, III and V, which parallel the infantile distribution of infective strains, became predominant in the late 2010s and early 2020s. 40,45 The recent maternal serotype distribution in Japan has been consistent with the globally predominant Ia, Ib, III and V serotypes. 46 In contrast to dynamic changes in the maternal serotype distribution, the distribution of invasive GBS strains isolated from infants has remained unchanged over the last 3 decades.…”

Section: Maternal Colonization Rate and Colonized Serotypementioning

confidence: 70%

Group B Streptococcal Disease in Infants in Japan

Matsubara,

Shibata

2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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This review describes the epidemiology of group B Streptococcus (GBS) infection in infants in Japan and discusses unresolved issues and future perspectives. Guidelines for the prevention of vertical transmission in Japan were implemented in 2008. The incidence of early-onset disease in Japan has remained stable at approximately 0.10/1000 livebirths or less, which is lower than in Europe and North America. The incidence of late-onset disease is also low, but has increased over the last decade, with an estimated 0.29/1000 livebirths in 2020. National surveillance studies in 2011–2015 and 2016–2020 reported case fatality rates of 4.5% and 6.5% for early-onset disease and 4.4% and 3.0% for late-onset disease, respectively. Sequelae of neurodevelopmental impairments were considerably associated with infants who developed meningitis. Predominant neonatal invasive strains have remained in the following order of serotypes: III, Ia, Ib and V, for the past 30 years. Conversely, the predominant serotypes of maternal colonization strains markedly changed from serotypes VI and VIII around 2000 to serotypes Ia, Ib, III and V over the last decade. Recurrence rates among infants < 1-year-old were estimated to be 2.8%–3.7%, and preterm birth and antenatal maternal GBS colonization were risk factors for recurrence. Several unresolved issues remain. First, the exact disease burden remains unclear because Japan does not have a nationwide system to register all infants affected by invasive GBS disease, and even population-based surveys are limited to up to 10 of the 47 prefectures. Others include low adherence to prevention guidelines of vertical transmission and the development of strategies based on Japanese epidemiological evidence rather than the Center for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines. The effectiveness of introducing maternal vaccines in Japan, where the disease incidence is low, needs to be carefully verified.

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Section: Maternal Colonization Rate and Colonized Serotypementioning

confidence: 70%

Group B Streptococcal Disease in Infants in Japan

Matsubara,

Shibata

2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…The most recent report regarding global vaginal GBS colonization estimates a prevalence of 18%, with the lowest prevalence in Southern and Eastern Asia (11–13%) and the highest prevalence in the Caribbean (35%) ( Russell et al, 2017 ; Shabayek and Spellerberg, 2018 ). Serotypes Ib, II, and V are prevalent colonizers in the United States (US) and Europe ( Gherardi et al, 2007 ; Bergal et al, 2015 ; Genovese et al, 2020 ), whereas serotypes VI and VIII are prevalent in Japan ( Lachenauer et al, 1999 ; Kawaguchiya et al, 2022 ). ST17 isolates mostly belonging to serotype III have been described in some geographical regions as a hypervirulent clone responsible for a large proportion of EOD ( Melin, 2011 ; Teatero et al, 2014 ; Filkins et al, 2021 ; McGee et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Group B streptococcus virulence factors associated with different clinical syndromes: Asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women and early-onset disease in the newborn

et al. 2023

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BackgroundGroup B streptococcus (GBS) harbors many virulence factors but there is limited data regarding their importance in colonization in pregnancy and early-onset disease (EOD) in the newborn. We hypothesized that colonization and EOD are associated with different distribution and expression of virulence factors.MethodsWe studied 36 GBS EOD and 234 GBS isolates collected during routine screening. Virulence genes (pilus-like structures-PI-1, PI-2a, PI-2b; rib and hvgA) presence and expression were identified by PCR and qRT-PCR. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and comparative genomic analyses were used to compare coding sequences (CDSs) of colonizing and EOD isolates.ResultsSerotype III (ST17) was significantly associated with EOD and serotype VI (ST1) with colonization. hvgA and rib genes were more prevalent among EOD isolates (58.3 and 77.8%, respectively; p < 0.01). The pilus loci PI-2b and PI-2a were more prevalent among EOD isolates (61.1%, p < 0.01), while the pilus loci PI-2a and PI-1 among colonizing isolates (89.7 and 93.1% vs. 55.6 and 69.4%, p < 0.01). qRT PCR analysis revealed that hvgA was barely expressed in colonizing isolates, even though the gene was detected. Expression of the rib gene and PI-2b was two-fold higher in EOD isolates compared to colonizing isolates. Transcription of PI-2a was three-fold higher in colonizing isolates compared to EOD isolates. ST17 isolates (associated with EOD) had a smaller genome size compared ST1 and the genome was more conserved relative to the reference strain and ST17 isolates. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis virulence factors independently associated with EOD were serotype 3, and PI-1 and PI-2a was protective.ConclusionThere was a significant difference in the distribution of hvg A, rib, and PI genes among EOD (serotype III/ST17) and colonizing (serotype VI/ST1) isolates suggesting an association between invasive disease and these virulence factors. Further study is needed to understand the contribution of these genes to GBS virulence.

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“…Most notably are Streptococcus pyogenes (group A strep, cause of strep throat, impetigo and necrotizing fasciitis), Streptococcus agalactiae (group B strep, cause of fatal neonatal infections) and Streptococcus anginosus (cause of pyogenic infections and an emerging pathogen in vaginal dysbiosis) (Tao et al, 2019;Jiang et al, 2020). While due to increasing isolations and competence, but still being rare, antibiotic resistance is not a current problem with S. anginosus (Bauer et al, 2018;Leszczynski et al, 2019), however, it is a significant issue with S. pyogenes and S. agalactiae (Rubio-Lopez et al, 2012;Haenni et al, 2018;Barkowsky et al, 2019;Li et al, 2020;Kawaguchiya et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel dithiocarbamate derivatives are effective copper-dependent antimicrobials against Streptococcal species

et al. 2023

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Despite the availability of several vaccines against multiple disease-causing strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, the rise of antimicrobial resistance and pneumococcal disease caused by strains not covered by the vaccine creates a need for developing novel antimicrobial strategies. N,N-dimethyldithiocarbamate (DMDC) was found to be a potent copper-dependent antimicrobial against several pathogens, including S. pneumoniae. Here, DMDCs efficacy against Streptococcal pathogens Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Streptococcus anginosus was tested using bactericidal and inductively coupled plasma - optical emission spectrometry. After confirming DMDC as broad-spectrum streptococcal antimicrobial, DMDC was derivatized into five compounds. The derivatives’ effectiveness as copper chelators using DsRed2 and as copper-dependent antimicrobials against S. pneumoniae TIGR4 and tested in bactericidal and animal models. Two compounds, sodium N-benzyl-N-methyldithiocarbamate and sodium N-allyl-N-methyldithiocarbamate (herein “Compound 3” and “Compound 4”), were effective against TIGR4 and further, D39 and ATCC® 6303™ _(a type 3 capsular strain). Both Compound 3 and 4 increased the pneumococcal internal concentrations of copper to the same previously reported levels as with DMDC and copper treatment. However, in an in vivo murine pneumonia model, Compound 3, but not Compound 4, was effective in significantly decreasing the bacterial burden in the blood and lungs of S. pneumoniae-infected mice. These derivatives also had detrimental effects on the other streptococcal species. Collectively, derivatizing DMDC holds promise as potent bactericidal antibiotics against relevant streptococcal pathogens.

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Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus agalactiae isolated from pregnant women in Japan, 2017–2021

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

Group B Streptococcal Disease in Infants in Japan

Group B Streptococcal Disease in Infants in Japan

Group B streptococcus virulence factors associated with different clinical syndromes: Asymptomatic carriage in pregnant women and early-onset disease in the newborn

Novel dithiocarbamate derivatives are effective copper-dependent antimicrobials against Streptococcal species

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