Molecular characterization and novel genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet snakes in Beijing, China

Li, Juanfeng; Li, Dongfang; Zhang, Haixia; Wang, Rongjun; Lin, Zixiang; Zhang, Liwei; Cao, Yangwenna; Qi, Meng

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2020.06.006

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Previous studies in China also found that E. bieneusi infection rates differed in differently aged mink, foxes, and raccoon dogs ( Cong et al, 2018 ; Xu et al, 2016 ; Zhang et al, 2016 ). The difference in E. bieneusi prevalence in different areas and different age categories may be related to different geographical regions, feeding conditions, sampling times, specimen size, and animal husbandry and animal welfare practices ( Deng et al, 2019 ; Li et al, 2020a ). Furthermore, the susceptibility of different animals to E. bieneusi infection may also be a contributing factor ( Li and Xiao, 2021 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phylogenetic comparative analyses clustered those genotypes into 11 distinct genetic groups with different host ranges. Groups 1 and 2 contain 90% of human-pathogenic genotypes (most of which have been identified in animals), whereas the remaining groups (3–11) comprise host-adapted genotypes associated with specific animal species ( Li et al, 2020a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular detection and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed mink (Neovison vison), blue foxes (Alopex lagopus), and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Xinjiang, China

Zhang

Xin

Zhao

et al. 2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a zoonotic pathogen that infects a variety of hosts including humans, livestock, wildlife, companion animals, and birds, as well as being abundant in the environment. Humans and nonhuman animals could be infected with E. bieneusi via consumption of food or water that contains zoonotic and host-adapted genotypes. In this study, 288 fecal specimens were collected from farmed minks, blue foxes, and raccoon dogs, in Xinjiang, China. Enterocytozoon bieneusi was examined by PCR amplification based on sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The overall infection rate of E. bieneusi was 4.9% (14/288), with mink samples showing the highest infection rate (5.6%, 12/214), followed by blue foxes (2.9%, 1/35), and then raccoon dogs (2.6%, 1/39). Six E. bieneusi genotypes were identified, including D (n = 5), PigEBITS7 (n = 4), EbpA (n = 2), CAM5 (n = 1), WildBoar3 (n = 1), and a novel genotype XJMI-1 (n = 1). Phylogenetic analysis showed that all E. bieneusi genotypes belonged to group 1, which composed of over 300 genotypes and most of them have been identified in human and variety of animals, suggesting a risk of zoonotic transmission from farmed wildlife to humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed mink (Neovison vison), blue foxes (Alopex lagopus), and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Xinjiang, China

Zhang

Xin

Zhao

et al. 2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…Genotype HNR-VI was initially detected in Asiatic brush-tailed porcupine from Hainan, China (8). In contrast, genotype SHR1 was identified in rats and pet snakes from Henan and Beijing of China (15,16). Thus, these findings have suggested that the two genotypes could be transmitted between rats and civets and that in the future, there is a need for more research to confirm their true host range.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Molecular-Based Detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Farmed Masked Palm Civets (Paguma larvata) in Hainan, China: A High-Prevalence, Specificity, and Zoonotic Potential of ITS Genotypes

et al. 2021

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a microsporidian and zoonotic species. This study investigated the prevalence and distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes in farmed masked palm civets using nested PCR, as well as assessed their zoonotic potential by phylogenetic analysis of the ITS region of the rRNA region. Here, we collected 251 fecal specimens from farmed masked palm civets (Paguma larvata) from the Hainan Island, China. In total, 128 of 251 samples were positive for E. bieneusi, with an average infection rate of 51.0%. Seventeen genotypes were identified including 12 known genotypes—HNR-VI (n = 56), SHR1 (n = 45), SHW7 (n = 6), KIN-1 (n = 3), D (n = 3), New1 (n = 3), EbpC (n = 2), CHC5 (n = 1), CHG19 (n = 1), CHN4 (n = 1), EbpA (n = 1), and Henan-III (n = 1)—and five novel genotypes (HNPL-I to HNPL-II; one each). Phylogenetic analysis categorized these genotypes into two groups. Thirteen of them were members of the zoonotic group 1, and the remaining four genotypes were in group 12. This study has shown that the infection rates of E. bieneusi in masked palm civets from Hainan were relatively high and provide baseline data to control and prevent microsporidiosis in farm-related communities. Therefore, infections in masked palm civets with zoonotic genotypes D, EbpC, CHN4, EbpA, KIN-1, and Henan-III should be considered potential threats to public health.

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“…Genotype SHR1 has been identified in experimental rats and pet snakes in China. ( Li et al, 2020a , 2020b ). Genotype CHG19 has been identified in sheep, wild and domestic pigs, and horses ( Qi et al, 2016 ; Li et al, 2017 , 2019b ; Chang et al, 2020 ), which suggest that this genotype has a broad host-range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common occurrence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes SHR1 and PL2 in farmed masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in China

Lin

Xin

Cao

et al. 2021

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Enterocytozoon bieneusi is a common pathogen in a broad range of vertebrate hosts. To assess the prevalence and genotypes of E. bieneusi in farmed masked palm civet ( Paguma larvata ), 537 fecal samples from seven provinces in China were tested by nested PCR of the polymorphic internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. Among of all the samples, 60.0% (325/531) were positive for E. bieneusi , with the highest prevalence in Hebei province (85.0%). Sequence analysis revealed the presence of nine E. bieneusi genotypes, including four known genotypes (SHR1, PL2, PL4, CHG19) and five novel genotypes (PL12 to PL16). Genotypes SHR1 and PL2 were the most common genotypes in seven provinces. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three genotypes (CHG19, PL4 and PL16) were distributed to Group 1, and six genotypes (SHR1, PL2, PL12, PL13, PL14 and PL15) formed a novel clade, which was named group 12. Findings highlight the need to conduct additional research to elucidate the epidemiology of E. bieneus i in farmed masked palm civet.

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Molecular characterization and novel genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in pet snakes in Beijing, China

Cited by 10 publications

References 21 publications

Molecular detection and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed mink (Neovison vison), blue foxes (Alopex lagopus), and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Xinjiang, China

Molecular detection and genotypes of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in farmed mink (Neovison vison), blue foxes (Alopex lagopus), and raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) in Xinjiang, China

Molecular-Based Detection of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Farmed Masked Palm Civets (Paguma larvata) in Hainan, China: A High-Prevalence, Specificity, and Zoonotic Potential of ITS Genotypes

Common occurrence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi genotypes SHR1 and PL2 in farmed masked palm civet (Paguma larvata) in China

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