Molecular characterization and xenogenic application of wharton’s jelly derived caprine mesenchymal stem cells

Abstract

Aim of the present study was in vitro expansion and characterization of caprine wharton's jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (cWJ-MSCs) to investigate their tissue healing potential in xenogenic animal model. Plastic adherent fibroblastoid cell populations with distinctive homogeneous morphology were isolated from caprine Wharton's jelly explants. These Wharton's jelly derived cells were found positive for the surface markers CD-73, STRO-1 and CD-105, whereas they were negative for hematopoetic stem cell marker CD-34. In vitro cultured cWJ-MSCs also showed differentiation properties into osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lineages as demonstrated by von Kossa, Oil Red-O and Alcian blue staining respectively, which was further confirmed and quantified by flow cytometric analysis. Furthermore, these well characterized cWJ-MSCs were evaluated for the wound-healing potential in full-thickness skin wounds in rabbit model for 28 days. Caprine WJ- MSCs treated skin wounds showed significantly (P < 0.05) higher percentage of wound contraction especially at the 21(st) day post transplantation when compared to PBS treated control group animals. Further, we observed better healing potential of cWJ-MSCs in terms of histo-morphological evaluation, epithelialisation and collagenization with matured vascularization stage by day 28 as compared to control. In conclusion, cWJ- MSCs provide an alternative inexhaustible source of mesenchymal stem cells and also unravel new perspectives pertaining to the therapeutic use of these cells in different species.

Impact of Cryopreservation on Caprine Fetal Adnexa Derived Stem Cells and Its Evaluation for Growth Kinetics, Phenotypic Characterization, and Wound Healing Potential in Xenogenic Rat Model

“…More than 50% contraction of the wound was reported for all the MSC‐treated groups (pre and post‐thaw) whereas it was only 39.55% in the control group on 7th day post‐incision. Similar results are reported previously where topical administration of hCB MSCs and cWJ MSCs in the cutaneous wound of mice (diabetic [Liu et al, ] and normal mice [Tark et al, ]) and rat (Pratheesh et al, ) have a positive effect on wound healing, respectively. Although, there are reports of lower therapeutic effects of thawed MSCs than the fresh MSCs (Gao et al, ), but our study did not register any significant difference in the therapeutic potential between fresh and cryopreserved caprine fetal adnexa derived MSCs.…”

“…The amount, percentage and the mean percentage of wound contraction for each group was calculated for each interval using following formula. Rate of wound closure (%) = ([original wound area [cm 2 ] − detected wound area [cm 2 ])/original wound area [cm 2 ]) × 100 (Pratheesh et al, ). Similarly, the photographs were also taken before transplanting the MSCs at the site of wound.…”

“…These skin grafts are not completely effective in their ability to restore other skin structures like dermis and skin appendages (e.g., hair follicles, sweat glands) (Chen et al, ). Topical administration of hCB MSCs, and cWJ, MSCs in the cutaneous wounds of mice (diabetic [Liu et al, ] and normal [Tark et al, ]) and rat [Pratheesh et al, ], respectively have exhibited positive effects on wound healing. Wound healing potential of MSCs have also been investigated in mice, rat, rabbit, canine, and human by different groups (McFarlin et al, ; Wu et al, ; Yoshikawa et al, ; Borena et al, ; Ansari et al, ).…”

Regenerative Skin Wound Healing in Mammals: State-of-the-Art on Growth Factor and Stem Cell Based Treatments

“…Recently, Kim et al [138] applied allogenic MSCs on skin wounds in a canine experimental wound model and demonstrated that MSC treatment caused accelerated wound closure and enhanced collagen production, cellular proliferation and angiogenesis. Apart from bone marrow, transplanted MSCs isolated from Wharton's jelly of caprine umbilical cord to full-thickness skin incision of goats Azari et al [148] and full thickness excisional skin wounds in rabbit [149] resulted in less inflammation, thinner granulation tissue formation with minimum scar in the incisional wound and significantly higher percentage of wound contraction, epithelialization and collagenization with matured vascularization in the excisional wounds. In addition, peripheral blood-derived stem cells (PBSCs) have been reported to enhance different wound healing parameters of chronic naturally occurring wounds in horses, such as granulation tissue and scar tissue formation [150].…”

Potential for in vitro mesoderm differentiation of Wharton's jelly cells from ovine umbilical cord isolated in different culture media

“…With goats, the beneficial effect of cells from WJUC in cutaneous cicatrization have already been demonstrated (Azari et al 2011). In another study, caprine cells from WJUC also enhanced the healing potential through xenotransplant in cutaneous wounds of rabbits, demonstrating improvement in the formation of epithelium and collagen with vascularization (Pratheesh et al 2014).…”