Molecular characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from Mytilus coruscus

Liao, Zhi; Wang, Xinchao; Liu, Huihui; Fan, Meihua; Sun, Jiufeng; Wang, Shen

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2012.11.030

Cited by 80 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As an example, a novel Cys-rich putative AMP (myticusin) has been recently identified in the hemocytes of M. coruscus. This AMP, bearing 10 cysteine residues arranged in an unusual 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 disulfide pattern, was demonstrated to be active against Gram þ bacteria [176]. These novel Cys-rich peptide families of mussel will likely be better characterized in the near future and, according to an upcoming report (manuscript in preparation), we propose a provisional naming scheme as follows: each novel mussel Cys-rich peptide family should be named Mytilus Cystein-Rich (MytiCRP)-n, where n is a progressive number.…”

Section: Mytimycinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated molecular basis for mussel immunity

Gerdol

Venier

2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

134

163

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Non-self recognition with the consequent tolerance or immune reaction is a crucial process to succeed as living organisms. At the same time the interactions between host species and their microbiome, including potential pathogens and parasites, significantly contribute to animal life diversity. Marine filter-feeding bivalves, mussels in particular, can survive also in heavily anthropized coastal waters despite being constantly surrounded by microorganisms. Based on the first outline of the Mytilus galloprovincialis immunome dated 2011, the continuously growing transcript data and the recent release of a draft mussel genome, we explored the available sequence data and scientific literature to reinforce our knowledge on the main gene-encoded elements of the mussel immune responses, from the pathogen recognition to its clearance. We carefully investigated molecules specialized in the sensing and targeting of potential aggressors, expected to show greater molecular diversification, and outlined, whenever relevant, the interconnected cascades of the intracellular signal transduction. Aiming to explore the diversity of extracellular, membrane-bound and intracellular pattern recognition receptors in mussel, we updated a highly complex immune system, comprising molecules which are described here in detail for the first time (e.g. NOD-like receptors) or which had only been partially characterized in bivalves (e.g. RIG-like receptors). Overall, our comparative sequence analysis supported the identification of over 70 novel full-length immunity-related transcripts in M. galloprovincialis. Nevertheless, the multiplicity of gene functions relevant to immunity, the involvement of part of them in other vital processes, and also the lack of a refined mussel genome make this work still not-exhaustive and support the development of more specific studies.

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Section: Mytimycinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An updated molecular basis for mussel immunity

Gerdol

Venier

2015

Fish & Shellfish Immunology

134

163

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“…For each sample, three reactions were conducted along with no-template controls. qRT-PCR parameters were 95°C, for 30 s followed by 40 cycles at 95°C, for 5 s, and 60°C, for 34 s. The gene expression levels were calculated using the comparative threshold cycle (Ct) method and expressed as 2 −ΔΔCt normalized to the β-actin gene expression (Liao et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2014, 2015). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mytilus coruscus is a widely distributed mussel in coastal waters of the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea, and cultured as an important economic shellfish species, especially around the Shengsi island (Liao et al, 2013). This calcifier inhabits coastal ecosystem where it attaches to hard substrates in subtidal zones and forms large subtidal beds structuring the whole macrofauna communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defense Responses to Short-term Hypoxia and Seawater Acidification in the Thick Shell Mussel Mytilus coruscus

et al. 2017

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The rising anthropogenic atmospheric CO2 results in the reduction of seawater pH, namely ocean acidification (OA). In East China Sea, the largest coastal hypoxic zone was observed in the world. This region is also strongly impacted by ocean acidification as receiving much nutrient from Changjiang and Qiantangjiang, and organisms can experience great short-term natural variability of DO and pH in this area. In order to evaluate the defense responses of marine mussels under this scenario, the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus were exposed to three pH/pCO2 levels (7.3/2800 μatm, 7.7/1020 μatm, 8.1/376 μatm) at two dissolved oxygen concentrations (DO, 2.0, 6.0 mg L−1) for 72 h. Results showed that byssus thread parameters, such as the number, diameter, attachment strength and plaque area were reduced by low DO, and shell-closing strength was significantly weaker under both hypoxia and low pH conditions. Expression patterns of genes related to mussel byssus protein (MBP) were affected by hypoxia. Generally, hypoxia reduced MBP1 and MBP7 expressions, but increased MBP13 expression. In conclusion, both hypoxia and low pH induced negative effects on mussel defense responses, with hypoxia being the main driver of change. In addition, significant interactive effects between pH and DO were observed on shell-closing strength. Therefore, the adverse effects induced by hypoxia on the defense of mussels may be aggravated by low pH in the natural environments.

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“…To date, EST-library screening of this type continues to provide candidate immune factors for further characterization (e.g. Bai et al, 2009; Borisova and Gorbushin, 2014; Ding et al, 2011; Fleury et al, 2009; Goodson et al, 2005; Liao et al, 2013; Liu et al, 2011; Roberts and Goetz, 2003; Seo et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2009, 2007). For example, in 1999, Escoubas et al recovered from the oyster C. gigas an EST sequence similar to mammalian IkappaB kinase (IKK) proteins that have central roles in cell (immune) signaling through activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB).…”

Section: Beyond “Factorology” Immunogenomics Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative immunogenomics of molluscs

Schultz

Adema

2017

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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Comparative immunology, studying both vertebrates and invertebrates, provided the earliest descriptions of phagocytosis as a general immune mechanism. However, the large scale of animal diversity challenges all-inclusive investigations and the field of immunology has developed by mostly emphasizing study of a few vertebrate species. In addressing the lack of comprehensive understanding of animal immunity, especially that of invertebrates, comparative immunology helps toward management of invertebrates that are food sources, agricultural pests, pathogens, or transmit diseases, and helps interpret the evolution of animal immunity. Initial studies showed that the Mollusca (second largest animal phylum), and invertebrates in general, possess innate defenses but lack the lymphocytic immune system that characterizes vertebrate immunology. Recognizing the reality of both common and taxon-specific immune features, and applying up-to-date cell and molecular research capabilities, in-depth studies of a select number of bivalve and gastropod species continue to reveal novel aspects of molluscan immunity. The genomics era heralded a new stage of comparative immunology; large-scale efforts yielded an initial set of full molluscan genome sequences that is available for analyses of full complements of immune genes and regulatory sequences. Next-generation sequencing (NGS), due to lower cost and effort required, allows individual researchers to generate large sequence datasets for growing numbers of molluscs. RNAseq provides expression profiles that enable discovery of immune genes and genome sequences, reveal distribution and diversity of immune factors across molluscan phylogeny. Although computational de novo sequence assembly will benefit from continued development and automated annotation may require some experimental validation, NGS is a powerful tool for comparative immunology, especially increasing coverage of the extensive molluscan diversity. To date, immunogenomics revealed new levels of complexity of molluscan defense by indicating sequence heterogeneity in individual snails and bivalves, and members of expanded immune gene families are expressed differentially to generate pathogen-specific defense responses.

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Molecular characterization of a novel antimicrobial peptide from Mytilus coruscus

Cited by 80 publications

References 36 publications

An updated molecular basis for mussel immunity

An updated molecular basis for mussel immunity

Defense Responses to Short-term Hypoxia and Seawater Acidification in the Thick Shell Mussel Mytilus coruscus

Comparative immunogenomics of molluscs

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