Molecular characterization of Blastocystis sp. in captive wildlife in Bangladesh National Zoo: Non-human primates with high prevalence and zoonotic significance

Li, Junqiang; Karim, Robiul; Li, Dongfang; Sumon, Smmr; Siddiki, S. H. M. F.; Rume, Farzana Islam; Sun, Ran; Jia, Yaquan; Zhang, Longxian

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.11.003

Cited by 37 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…It is, therefore, not surprising that ST5 was only found in the gorillas from the zoo. Other subtypes not found in this study have been previously described in non-human primates, such as ST8 [ 30 ] and ST10-17 [ 31 ]. It is notable that ST8 has also been found in zookeepers working in close contact with non-human primates, highlighting the risk of zoonotic transmission [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Occurrence of Ten Protozoan Enteric Pathogens in Three Non-Human Primate Populations

Davoust

Mediannikov

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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Non-human primate populations act as potential reservoirs for human pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites, which can lead to zoonotic infections. Furthermore, intestinal microorganisms may be pathogenic organisms to both non-human primates and humans. It is, therefore, essential to study the prevalence of these infectious agents in captive and wild non-human primates. This study aimed at showing the prevalence of the most frequently encountered human enteric protozoa in non-human primate populations based on qPCR detection. The three populations studied were common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Senegal and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) in the Republic of the Congo and in the Beauval Zoo (France). Blastocystis spp. were mainly found, with an occurrence close to 100%, followed by Balantidiumcoli (23.7%), Giardiaintestinalis (7.9%), Encephalitozoonintestinalis (1.3%) and Dientamoebafragilis (0.2%). None of the following protozoa were detected: Entamoebahistolytica, Enterocytozoonbieneusi, Cryptosporidiumparvum, C. hominis, Cyclosporacayetanensis or Cystoisosporabelli. As chimpanzees and gorillas are genetically close to humans, it is important to monitor them frequently against different pathogens to protect these endangered species and to assess potential zoonotic transmissions to humans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

Occurrence of Ten Protozoan Enteric Pathogens in Three Non-Human Primate Populations

Davoust

Mediannikov

et al. 2021

Pathogens

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“…is a common intestinal protozoan parasite with uncertain pathogenicity. It is believed that zoonotic STs often spread between animals and humans, as some STs of animal origin are a large potential reservoir for human infections [ 30 – 32 ]. Blastocystis sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, several zoonotic STs have been identified in Carnivora, such as ST1-5, ST7-8, and ST10 [ 32 , 33 , 38 ]. In the current study, sequences obtained from Carnivora belonged to ST1, ST5, and ST17.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

et al. 2021

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Background Blastocystis sp. is an anaerobic protozoan that parasitizes many animal hosts and the human gastrointestinal tract, and its pathogenicity is controversial. Captive wildlife may be potential reservoirs for human infection with Blastocystis sp. The present study was performed to investigate the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in Sichuan Province, southwestern China. Methods A total of 420 fresh fecal samples were collected from 54 captive wildlife species in four zoos in southwestern China between June 2017 and September 2019. The prevalence and subtype (ST) genetic characteristics of Blastocystis sp. were determined by PCR amplification of the barcode region of the SSU rRNA gene and phylogenetic analysis. Results Overall, 15.7% (66/420) of the animal samples and 20.7% (14/54) of the species tested were shown to be infected with Blastocystis sp. The highest prevalence of Blastocystis sp. was found in Panzhihua Zoo (24.3%), which was significantly higher than that in Chengdu Zoo (6.9%), and Xichang Zoo (2.9%) (P < 0.05). There are also significant differences in the prevalence of Blastocystis sp. among different species (P < 0.05), and the highest of Blastocystis sp. prevalence was observed in white-cheeked gibbon, black great squirrel, and red giant flying squirrel (100%). Subtype analysis of Blastocystis sp. revealed nine subtypes, including six zoonotic STs (ST1-5, and ST8) and three animal-specific STs (ST10, ST14, and ST17), with ST17 as the predominant subtype (26/66) in Blastocystis sp.-positive isolates. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first report on the prevalence and subtype distribution of Blastocystis sp. among captive wildlife in zoos in southwestern China. This study highlights that these animals may serve as reservoirs for human Blastocystis sp. infections.

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“…The need for a full-length ST11 reference sequence has been noted previously as currently the 600 bp region from the 5′ region of the gene which is commonly used for subtyping Blastocystis isolates has never been sequenced for ST11. A BLAST search of the first 600 base pairs of the full-length reference produced in this study returned a sequence match of 99% percent identity from an Asian elephant from a zoo in Bangladesh [ 51 ]. The nucleotide sequence from this Asian elephant displays in GenBank (MN338089) as an unpublished study with nucleotide sequence submitted in August of 2019.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The submitters of the sequence give it a designation of ST23 in GenBank, which is problematic for two reasons. First, this sequence is ST11 (as indicated in their publication) [ 51 ]; second, the designation ST23 is already in use [ 52 ]. Thus, the reference sequences for ST11 produced in this study can aid in preventing the misassignment of ST11 sequences in the future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Oxford Nanopore MinION to generate full-length sequences of the Blastocystis small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene

2020

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Background Blastocystis sp. is one of the most common enteric parasites of humans and animals worldwide. It is well recognized that this ubiquitous protist displays a remarkable degree of genetic diversity in the SSU rRNA gene, which is currently the main gene used for defining Blastocystis subtypes. Yet, full-length reference sequences of this gene are available for only 16 subtypes of Blastocystis in part because of the technical difficulties associated with obtaining these sequences from complex samples. Methods We have developed a method using Oxford Nanopore MinION long-read sequencing and universal eukaryotic primers to produce full-length (> 1800 bp) SSU rRNA gene sequences for Blastocystis. Seven Blastocystis specimens representing five subtypes (ST1, ST4, ST10, ST11, and ST14) obtained both from cultures and feces were used for validation. Results We demonstrate that this method can be used to produce highly accurate full-length sequences from both cultured and fecal DNA isolates. Full-length sequences were successfully obtained from all five subtypes including ST11 for which no full-length reference sequence currently exists and for an isolate that contained mixed ST10/ST14. Conclusions The suitability of the use of MinION long-read sequencing technology to successfully generate full-length Blastocystis SSU rRNA gene sequences was demonstrated. The ability to produce full-length SSU rRNA gene sequences is key in understanding the role of genetic diversity in important aspects of Blastocystis biology such as transmission, host specificity, and pathogenicity.

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Molecular characterization of Blastocystis sp. in captive wildlife in Bangladesh National Zoo: Non-human primates with high prevalence and zoonotic significance

Cited by 37 publications

References 49 publications

Occurrence of Ten Protozoan Enteric Pathogens in Three Non-Human Primate Populations

Occurrence of Ten Protozoan Enteric Pathogens in Three Non-Human Primate Populations

First identification and molecular subtyping of Blastocystis sp. in zoo animals in southwestern China

Use of Oxford Nanopore MinION to generate full-length sequences of the Blastocystis small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene

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