Molecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus with the Evidence of a New Genotype Circulating in Cattle from Kazakhstan

Sultanov, Akhmetzhan A.; Rola–Łuszczak, Marzena; Mamanova, Saltanat; Ryło, Anna; Osiński, Zbigniew; Saduakassova, Meruyert A.; Bashenova, Elvira; Kuźmak, Jacek

doi:10.3390/pathogens11020180

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…In addition to the South American continent, genotype 6 has been reported in Asian countries such as China (45, 46), Thailand (47), Myanmar (48), Vietnam (49), demonstrating the distribution of this genotype around the world. Sultanov et al (50) point out that the introduction of infected cattle into herds is the main form of transmission of BLV, considering that the genotype 6 characterized in this locality is phylogenetically related to that found in the central-west and southeastern regions of Brazil, geographically distant, but that carry out the cattle trade with the state of Maranhão (36). This may have been an important route for the dissemination of genotype 6 in the country and also to other locations around the world.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil

Pereira

Silva

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL) is a chronic viral disease of wide distribution in cattle herds and may take several years for the first manifestation of clinical signs. Most animals do not present clinical signs. However, the economic losses are underestimated due to this disease. Thus, this work aimed to detect and characterize BLV in dairy cattle in the Maranhão state, northeastern Brazil. Blood samples were collected from 176 animals from 8 municipalities in the southeastern state of Maranhão. Bovine blood samples were subjected to DNA extraction and molecular diagnosis using nested PCR assays for BLV, targeting gp51 gene. Positive samples were then sequenced and then subjected to phylogenetic inferences. BLV DNA was detected in 16 cattle (16/176, 9.09%) in 4 municipalities. Phylogenetic analyzes showed that the sequence obtained clustered in a clade containing BLV sequences classified as genotype 6, with a high degree of support. Our data shows BLV occurrence in the Northeast of Brazil and the identification of genotype 6 in this region. These findings contribute to the molecular epidemiology of this agent in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil

Pereira

Silva

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…Genotype 1 is distributed worldwide [ 15 ], but some genotypes have been found in specific regions. Genotypes 6 and 9 are found in South America only [ 29 ]; Genotype 8 solely in Europe [ 31 ]; Genotype 10 only in Southeast Asia [ 18 ]; and recently, a new genotype was discovered in Kazakhstan [ 34 ]. The origin of BLV is located in Asia, and its distribution throughout the world is due to its ability to infect cattle (related to primary production and food security).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sometimes, the mutational changes of DNA sequences determine changes in protein synthesis that promote genetic variants. The env gene is the most used for phylogenetic studies of BLV, and its characterization has resulted in a classification of BLV in 12 genotypes [ 34 ]. According to Nishikaku et al [ 24 ], after the first appearance of BLV in Asia, the progenitor of lineage I reached Europe in 1824, and from there, it reached South America in 1850.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic analysis of the partial sequences of the env and tax BLV genes reveals the presence of genotypes 1 and 3 in dairy herds of Antioquia, Colombia

Úsuga-Monroy,

Díaz,

González-Herrera

et al. 2023

VirusDis.

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Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus that primarily infects dairy cows. Although few studies have also used the tax gene, phylogenetic studies of BLV use mostly the env gene. The aim of this work was to establish the circulating genotypes of BLV in specialized dairy cattle from Antioquia, Colombia. Twenty blood samples from Holstein Friesian cows were collected, and their DNA was isolated. A PCR was performed for a partial region of the env and tax genes. A phylogenetic analysis was carried out using the maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods for both genes. Nineteen sequences were identified as genotype 1 by env and tax genes. Only one sequence was clustered with genotype 3 and had the highest proportion of different nucleotide sites compared to other strains. Four amino acid substitutions in the 134 amino acid residue fragment of the Env protein were identified in the Colombian sequences, and three new amino acid substitutions were reported in the 296 amino acid residue fragment of the Tax protein. R43K (Z finger), A185T (Activation domain), and L105F changes were identified in the genotype 3 sample. This genotype has been reported in the United States, Japan, Korea, and Mexico, but so far, not in Colombia. The country has a high rate of imported live animals, semen, and embryos, especially from the United States. Although it is necessary to evaluate samples from other regions of the country, the current results indicate the presence of two BLV genotypes in specialized dairy herds.

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“…An important role in increasing the productivity of the dairy industry is played not only by modern technologies of cattle breeding and selection but also by the use of modern methods of combating infectious diseases [ 3 ]. In Kazakhstan, mastitis [ 4 ] and bovine leukemia [ 5 , 6 ] are the most common infectious bacterial and viral diseases in cattle. Economic damage from animal diseases is caused by a decrease in the quality and quantity of productivity indicators [ 7 , 8 ], premature culling of highly productive individuals [ 9 , 10 ], disturbance of breeding work, loss of valuable breed gene pool [ 11 ], and extra costs incurred for meeting the requirements of veterinary regulations [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic polymorphism of prolactin and nitric oxide synthase in Holstein cattle

et al. 2023

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Background and Aim: Bacterial and viral infections affect the welfare of animals and lead to large economic losses in dairy cattle breeding due to decreased productive indicators and increased culling rates. In modern dairy farming, farmers are looking for effective solutions to prevent and minimize infectious disease risks. To this end, the most relevant study field is the search for gene sites that impact production and health. This study aimed to determine the nature of the distribution of the relative frequencies of alleles and genotypes of polymorphic prolactin (PRL) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS2) in Holstein cows and identify the relationship of these genes with resistance to mastitis and bovine leukemia. Materials and Methods: For this study, we chose cows because infectious diseases affect the amount of lactation and milk quality. Holstein cattle with mastitis and bovine leukemia were selected. Animal genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. The results were analyzed using a nonparametric statistical method using Microsoft Excel 2010 and Statistica 6.0. Results: In healthy animals, 94 genotypes were identified for both genes under study. For bPRL, bPRL-RsaIAA (72) was the most common genotype and bPRL-RsaIBB (4) the least; for NOS2, bNOS2-HinfIAB (47) was the most common genotype and bNOS2-HinfIAA the least (21). In animals with leukemia, 34 genotypes were identified. For PRL, bPRL-RsaIAA (25) was the most common genotype and bPRL-RsaIBB (2) the least; for NOS2, bNOS2-HinfIBB (17) was the most common genotype and bNOS2-HinfIAA (3) the least. In animals with mastitis, 67 genotypes were identified. For PRL, bPRL-RsaIAA (43) was the most common genotype and bPRL-RsaIBB (6) the least; for NOS2, bNOS2-HinfIBB (31) was the most common genotype and bNOS2-HinfIAA (7) the least. The distribution of genotypes of polymorphic bPRL and bNOS2 generally coincides, and bPRL-RsaIBB is the most common genotype. In groups of sick animals, the number of bNOS2-HinfIAA homozygotes was lower than that of the control group. In particular, the proportion of animals with the bNOS2-HinfIAA genotype with bovine leukemia was 8.7% and with mastitis was 10.3% compared with 22.4% in healthy animals. These data support the possible association of the bNOS2-HinfIAA genotype with resistance to infection. The frequency of the bPRL-RsaIB allele was higher in groups of sick animals. This allele is associated with increased milk productivity, suggesting that highly productive animals are less resistant to the incidence of viral bovine leukemia and mastitis of bacterial etiology. Conclusion: DNA amplification of Holstein cattle for the polymorphic regions of PRL and NOS2 using the PCR-RFLP method revealed a possible connection between the distribution of relative allele frequencies of bPRL and bNOS2 and resistance to viral and bacterial infections. Thus, in groups of sick animals, the frequency of bPRL-RsaIBB, associated with increased milk production compared with the theoretically calculated equilibrium value was higher and the number of homozygotes bNOS2-HinfIAA was lower than in the control group. In conclusion, animals with increased milk production were more prone to diseases, such as mastitis and bovine leukemia.

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Molecular Characterization of Bovine Leukemia Virus with the Evidence of a New Genotype Circulating in Cattle from Kazakhstan

Cited by 13 publications

References 56 publications

Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil

Diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of bovine leukemia virus in dairy cattle in northeastern Brazil

Phylogenetic analysis of the partial sequences of the env and tax BLV genes reveals the presence of genotypes 1 and 3 in dairy herds of Antioquia, Colombia

Genetic polymorphism of prolactin and nitric oxide synthase in Holstein cattle

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