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Specific and quantitative detection and identification ofrespectively for the 18S assay. The qPCR assay was also highly reproducible with RSD (relative standard deviation) values of 1.4-9.4%, when the assay was performed by four different technicians. When tested on water samples, the qPCR assay was more sensitive than the 18S assay, detecting positives in 37 of 138 water samples compared to 35 for the 18Slocus. This qPCR assay should be a valuable tool for the detection and differentiation of C.hominis and C. parvum in both clinical and environmental samples.